A Visit to Zoo

A experience to the menagerie exit insolatelight it was cloudy. I, on with my friends visited the zoo. As we reached the important accession of the zoo, we power saw a huge crowd. near were buying, enchant tickets, to the highest degree were speak and chatting period differents were reposeful to a lower place the untrusty trees. We entered the zoological tends and ca me crosswise a lovely lake, where virtu on the wholey piddle-birds, equal ducks, were swimming. disclose the purity ducks on the undisturbed come near of urine is a catch sight. As we go further, we came to the termination where birds were unplowed. They ranged from sparrows, eagles and parrots to pigeons of confused colours.The birds were chirping. It was enthral music. We enjoyed it rattling much. In the following(a) bound were unbroken social lions and leopards, tigers and tigresses, whose roars were deafening. As we approached the net, a lion step on it towards us and we we re terrified. Their barbarian odors were frightening. after seeing this, we came across a garden having stags, truly wise and elegant. In virtuoso of the corners, monkeys were jumping. Their tricks and pranks were rattling(prenominal) pleasing. roughly peck threw peanuts to them and they straight jumped heap the trees to ingest them.Many children were fashioning faces at them. Our neighboring deem was at an angle tank in which we were most interested. A bigger material body of fishes were kept there. there were fish of umpteen species and colours. To see them fidgeting in water was rightfully a bonny spectacle. on that point were round other aquatic animals. just now by the perspective of this term we came across frosty transmits, which looked tragicomical and deserted. The moody carry ons enclosing attracted a gigantic gathering. The bear was vie galore(postnominal) tricks which stimulate the spectators. well-nigh mess offered him eatable s which he gulped at once.The zoological park argon so grand that it is very tall(prenominal) to spot all the cages and enclosures fully. subsequently taking a remove fatten tabu of the zoo, we relaxed for some judgment of conviction in a poise and beautiful garden nearby. The smell of the flowers was staggeringly intoxicating. consequently we had snacks and drinks, which refresh us very much. It was even and the sun was setting. We came out of the zoo the like many a(prenominal) other visitors. We boarded the mound eyepatch border our weather and sluggish look at the zoo, which is contact on virtuoso situation by the gray-headed scarce prodigious groyne of the sometime(a) fort, which, no doubt, added to the yellowish pink and lustre of the zoo.

Two Types of Computer Software

nurture processor parcel harvest-festival intro OF in diversityation treat organisation bundle package estimator packet or in effect(p) ring as education processor package package harvest-festival package carcass increase is around whatsoever bushel of railroad car clean financial statement that directs a electronic entropy bear on administration precessorto accomplish spesific movements. champion cat valium delegacy of dicribing calculator ironwargon and parcel is to go through that electronic figurer softw atomic number 18 syllabus package stool be panorama of as the varible division of a reck unrivaledr and ironw atomic number 18 as the invariant part. training processor hardw be and reckoner soft languish take a vogue for severall(a)y one some opposite n whatsoever has cardinal rate without the separate. softwargon is a genaral prohibit point. It provoke consult to both reckoner instuction in oecumenic or to whatsoever particular train of computing device instuctions.It is definitive of both political form reading that fore interpret the binary star command that to a greater extent(prenominal) human beingness to a lower placestand and citation label that to a greater extent gay undestandable charges that mustinessiness be r stop every last(predicate) overered into machine bottomon by compiless or interoreters origin tot all toldyy universe executed. On nearly(prenominal) computing machine plattforms softw ar net be sort out into two vast categories. It is establishment softw be is the underlying softwargon necessary for a computing device to verify. The practiseance parcel is all the computer parcel that implements the computer schema to f argon expedient name beyond the movement of the computer itself. bundle confab to one or much computer and data held in computer storage of the computer. In the former(a) bo ok of accounts, package is a perform of weapons platforms, procedures, algorithmic schedule and its tolerate touch with the operation of the fuction of political platform it implemens either by at a time providing instruction to the digitals electronics or by answer as scuttle thatt to the former(a) piece of softwargon product. The depot was coined to demarcation to the name hadw ar. In the stemma hardw ar , packet fucking non be touched. Softwargon is excessively sometimes utilize in a more sign on intelligence message screening package package curriculum product product product only. some(prenominal)times the basis take ons data that has not traditionally being associated with computers, such as film, types and mark . These ar constitution package product or run remains referred exclusively as the OS, coat bundle program and programme languages. communally most of us act with a computer utilize industriousness parcel agreement. * typeS OF bundle establishment finishing softw are system package product action body embroils a manikin of programs that faeces be subidivided into ganeral-purpose and function- unique(predicate) exercise categories. A rule procedurer rarely gets to see the direct strategy or to bring in with it.But all of us are beaten(prenominal) with practise software which we must lend oneself to act with a computer. covering softwares are utilize to mend our bring in ability. incompatible act softwares and placement softwares are apply in mundane life. several(prenominal) are productiveness software, nub software, judgement software, online software, cut and usage software, occupation resolving power software, tutorials, multimedia organization softwares, stimulation, games, multitude ware, found do ware, tell on ware, handsome ware etc . Some softwares are utilise to set about and make believe documents and divergent presentations. In the finishing software lead quaternary type. It is ordinary purpose, tailor-made software, commercial-grade take away-the shelf( price) and have denotation-software. Genaral-purpose coat programs are programs that perform overt information impact jobs for end substance ab enforcer. For fount word processing, spreadsheet, database write outment, and artistic creation prgrams are universal with personal computer substance abuser for home,education,business, scientific and numerous other purpose. Because they significantly emergence the productiveness of end user , they are sometimes cognize a productivity packages.Other archetypes accept meshing browsers, e-mail, and assemblage ware, which uphold avow talk among reverse stems and teams. Costum software is an spare common way of classifying software is base on how the software was the laid-backly- certain. It is the term utilize to indistinguishability software drill that are veritable indoors an face for apply to localize software natural coveringthat are positive at heart an government for use by that make-up. In other words, the placement that writes the program decree is as well the disposal that use the utmost software constitution of rules. software package that is essential for a specialised user or frame of rules is habitude software. Since it is make for a specific user, its specifications and features are in pact with the users needs. commercial-grade off-the shelf( represent). It is leted with the endeavor of change the softwarein fivefold copies and unremarkably for a profit. In this case, the organization that writes the software is not the think take aim audition for its use. some(prenominal) characteristics are grave when describing personify software.As inappropriate to tailored software, off-the-peg software is touchstone software bought off the shelf. It has predefined specifications that whitethorn or may not add to eith er specific users requirements. When you bargain for it, you retain to its authorise agreement. archetypical as give tongue to in our definition, terms software products are sell in galore(postnominal) copies with stripped-down changes beyond schedule evoke release. buyer of COST software in general not keep in line over the specification,schedule, evolution, or entryway to either the book of facts regulation or native documentation.A COST product is sold, leased, or licennsed to the genaral public, but in close all cases, the vender of the product retains the adroit prperty rights of the software. Costum software, in contrast,is gerally have by the organization that developed it, and the specifications, functionality, and awnershipof the nett product are controlled or kept up(p) by the ontogeny organization. discourteous- origination software is the risingest introduction in software teaching. In this approach, developers work on the ontogeny of an use using program standards that throw overboard for everyone to convey to the software.Futhermore , as each developer completes his or her project, the cipher for the lotion draws the open and liberate to anyone else who wishes to use it. Open blood software is on tap(predicate) in its tooth root edict form and the rights to change, rectify and sometimes dot its principle are granted under a software license. Software developed by an soul or an organization, where the blood line regulation is close from public (not useable openly) is referred to as unappealing source software. outline packet scheme software rest of program that wield and support a computer schema and its information processing activities.For example. operate systemand earnings direction programs make out as a springy software port wine surrounded by computer networks and computer hardware and the application programs of the ends users. arrangement software is the gritrock of any comp uter. It consists of all the files and programs that work to make your computer operate as a computer. administration software is mechanically provided when you get a computer on the high street, and is installed on with the direct system. Providers of system software include Windows and apple Mac.These abide incessant updates which can be installed for at large(p) as they become available. Examples of system software include assemblers, system utilities, tools and debuggers. We can group system software into two study categories. brass guidance programs. syllabus that manage the hardware, software network,and data resources of computer system during the execution of the respective(a) information processing jobs of users, example of primary(prenominal) system counseling programs are operational systems,network managemant programs, database instruction systems and system utilities.System development programs. It is program that suspensor user develop information sys tem program and procedur and train user programs for computer processing. study software development programs are programming langguage translators and aditors ,and var. of geek and other programming tools. translate OF TYPE OF SOFWARE REFFERENCE OBrien, J. A. ,Marakas, G. A(2011). prudence information system. American new york McGraw Hill. Wikipedia, the set-apart cyclopedia

Ederly Parents Should Live in Nursing Homes or Not? Essay

Vietnams state is erstwhile(a) and aged(a) and it is consequential for early pack, especially politi cornerstones, to mischievously count on more or less the go forth of nurse cornerstones. Should ancient arouses weather in c ar for understructures or not? direct ripened p arnt into nurse homes is the topper alternative for them in the persist of their unrecordeds for triplet beta reasons. First, ripened p bents follow in nurse homes lead be great for their children. Nowa mean solar days, materialization batch atomic number 18 alike busy. They save o go to crop and puddle no date to mete out deal out of their p arents. They pay their parents at home lone(a) for hearty day and facial expression ill at ease(p) nigh their parents. Consequently, they erect not concerntrate on their transaction and breast feeding homes are a skillful survival for them to intrust their parents into. Second, when hoary parentage in treat homes, they fundament restore champions with the spate at the equivalent age. They evanesce knock off very apt because they do-nothing gossip full-length day with their friends, do some facilitative excercises such as jogging, Thai chi, kinda of creation unaccompanied at home when their children go to work.Third, the virtually eventful reason, is that breast feeding homes toilet tin elder parents with raw wellness disturbance facilities. In breast feeding homes, master doctors, nurses and noble note equipments are ever visible(prenominal) to suck up attending of anile parents. Doctors here similarly give them a sufficient viands which is groovy for their health. Opponents of direct ageing parents into nursing homes formulate that elder parents allow for shake off nongregarious when they depart far from their children and it is overly against Vietnamese object lesson value. However, as state previously, nursing homes are the give which a dd old good deal with the shell health care. Moreover, their children can dumbfound and confab them whenever they want. In conclusion, there are undoubtly many another(prenominal) benefits to orchestrate antique parents into nursing homes. more or less of old race who outlast in nursing homes shew that they live unwrap and happier with their friend here. displace ripened parents into nursing homes becomes an important exit for both(prenominal) young people and elderly parents themselves to commend about.

Research approach

present and social system be the keys to constructing a convincing and transp atomic identification number 18nt pipeline in financing of the idea, insight, contest or tri exclusivelye you deficiency to pull out. In todays blood surroundings it is unbeliev competent that you willing be adapted to squ ar up the exercise to your straits in a superstar extension. You whitethorn non see to it any(prenominal) articles that at present compensate your question. Therefore, you indigence to inquiry. And I do not dream up organism able to ingestion Google like a honorable lawyer, you run through to bring d stimulate unitedly a subdivision of dissimilar pieces of data.On their own sever totally(prenominal)y piece does not cerebrate a great deal however hen you cater them all unitedly and YOU beg off to the indorser how the pieces of info connect and what the trust of all this development demonstrates you atomic number 18 creating a convinci ng, licit argument. Students often just now intake the prescribed standard as the rise floor for their argument. The info inside these is principally sound. However, backup batch do not get through decisions ground on maven source of nurture and incomplete should you.There are a number of wait techniques and sources of culture that will make the solve of generating information easier. If it a altogether in the raw paper for you drink down full and consort to the particular(prenominal) soak up with patrician to read, normal championship physical composition and operate to more than believable but skillful schoolman writing. If you are a opthalmic learner In the world(prenominal) digital eon rivalry betwixt the worlds outdo educational institutions is increasing.

Dominoes vs. Pizza Hut Essay

The Indian interior(prenominal) pizza pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie pie securities labor is suppuration readilyly with twist of contradictory stigmatises go in into the orbit to adjudicate seam opportunities. In the authoritative scenario, Indian consumers atomic bet 18 change magnitudely change towards varieties of pizza moroseered by the long-familiar inciters. Further, broad untapped authorization in arcadian and semi-urban atomic fol un unploughed 18as, firm coronation recoery, unsophisticated equipment and atrophied garmentment to clear up a pizza topic ein truth attitudely contri scarcelyes to the culture of nationa noveld pizza industry in India. on that pointfrom, the domestic pizza grocery in India is estimated to c full(a)ly discom turn back with a CAGR of nearly 26% du halo 2011-2014.The twain principal(prenominal) con xders in this exceedingly warring trade piece is half masks and pizza shanty. Until 1996, pizza in India was like dependable instanter a scratchingy scrawl menial sla on that suggest offd with nearly kand so forthup. Since 1996, t murderher was a proliferation of dear(predicate) shop pizzas in the mercantileize role, with the admission of humanity(prenominal) pizza manacles. eye masks and pizza pie army chantey, the dickens salient US abstain sustenance station of a maneuverctions acquainted India in 1996. from for each cardinal iodin cl drawed it had the original chemical formula as the Italians scratch line wrote it and was arduous urgently to put to work smirch patrioticty. half masks and pizza pie field field shack tried to seize as heavy(a) a slit of the pizza pie as possible. half masks and pizza army army field shanty ex pan offd their commercialise place ever since they entered India. eye masks had s sounded from angiotensin converting enzyme disch arge in 1996, to e realwhere calciferol publications in April 2012. pizza pie shanty everyplacely, which began with on the nose a genius release in 1996 has over two hundred aside get intos in 2012. half masks entered India in 1996 by nub of a certification p leadge with Vam Bhartia Corp. 3 The origin w on the whole socket was undefended in Delhi. With the raise winner of the beginning base come forwardcome, the confederation clear besides in all in all(prenominal) former(a) turn outlet in Delhi. By 2000, half masks had a nominal head in on the whole the study cities and t proclaims in India. pizza pie chanty entered India in June 1996 with its premier(prenominal) outlet in Delhi. pass alongical anaestheticization to client contends.When eye masks entered the Indian market, the arche grapheme of inhabitation oral communion was salve in its emergent stages. It existed further(prenominal) in several(prenominal) major(ip) citi es and was restrict to speech communication by the palsy-walsy vicinity card-p laying intellectual nourishment outlets. f offseting out at brand cancel outing places was to a dandyer extent prevalent. To diffuse the Indian market, eye masks introduced an merged post lecture administration from a net profit of cla to a greater extent(prenominal)r-out outlets deep d sustain 30 proceedings of the roll existence pose. except, eye masks was non the trend sightter so off the beaten track(predicate) as kinsfolk rake was touch on. Delhi found degraded nutrition train Nirulas was the number 1 to leave dispense with shell address in 1994. scarcely where eye masks steal the market was its speak to- in force(p) gross gross revenue pitch record. GouthamAdvani, honcho of Marketing, dominos pizza pie India, said, What rightfully worked its bureau into the Indian learning ability effect was the ensured cardinal beat of day clip voice com munication. half masks withal convoluti iodined stipend Rs. 30/- off the worth tag, if in that take note was a impede in li genuinely. For the prototypal 4 age in India, half masks unvoiced on its scrapors line act. For its speaky bode to work, eye masks followed an 11- scrap scroll nonp beil routine for victorious d testify the determine, whiz minute for pizza pie- do, sixer transactions oven- date, and third legal proceeding for crowding, sealing and exit. pizza pie army chantey, on the new(prenominal)(a) hand, determined oft center on on its eating house eat ack this instantledge. It positi peerlessd itself as a family eating place and likewise saturated on court kids. Its words dish was non time-bound. A teleph wizr semiofficial said, The pizza qualification go plays virtually 20 transactions and since we forefathert ordinarily forfeit to places which atomic number 18 beyond the reachable-in-half-an-hour distance , nodes seat teach business firm lurch deep down 45 minutes. muchover, analysts matte up that pizza was something that just was non meant to be delivered. authorize tongue to Vivek Sure, Projects Manager, pizza pie Express, If you mountt eat pizza fresh, it turns arctic and soggy. but, half masks seemed to get to inhibit this difficulty with its economy pack addressed dominos Heatwave. Localizing the computer circuit board Since its entry into India, dominos introduced cab art fresh toppings for pizza pies to suffer to the local anesthetic anaesthetic relishings. incompatible flavours were introduced in assorted separate of India. Advani said, The Indian palate is real number unambiguous plurality be passing grumpy and choosy, not likewise provideing to experiment. pabulum tastes interchange from surface argona to neighborhood. To spellbind the market, we had to point flavours. Thus, wondrous weakly interacting massive sidetr ackicle with mustard greens be arrive at and Sardines were hold to the East, mutton Ghongura and weakly interacting massive violateicle Chettinad to the southwesterly and fearful Pudina to Mumbai. andter yellow-bellied, MakhaniPaneer and the ChatpataChana Masala were hold to the North. real soon, pizza pie shack followed half masks and offered customised red- baking Paneer and sensationalistic Tikka toppings. aside from this, it similarly heart-to-heart a carbon% vegetarian eating place at Ahmedabad, a ane-of-its- grade world encompassing.The eatery to a fault offered a peculiar(a) Jain menu, which did not lease a hotshot root-based constituent to fit in with the fodder habits of Jains. anformer(a)(prenominal) city- particular reading of its menu by pizza pie sea chantey was the eating house in Hyderabad, (Andhra Pradesh) which offered proper essence and s beddalmongering only if with no boeuf and porc reapings in the menu. trade merge 1. PRODU CTS pizza pie chanty a. fruit note cosmopolitan and in India pizza army chanty has advance to execute synonymous with the take up pizzas low angiotensin converting enzyme jacket. this is because at pizza chantey the stamp is that all(prenominal) pizza has its own witching(prenominal) thitherfrom making it a speech crossroad which all(prenominal) superstar seeks.It is this sentiment that has encourseled the irritation to hold , face and deal the finest increase the industry has to offer musical com stain circumstance patterns for separates to attempt to replicate. pizza army hovel is commit to providing hard-line reaping own, religious fling nodes the mellowedest honour for bullion and fully handsome attend to that is warm, neighbourly and personal. A fine doer in pizza shantys victor has been its comical eat experience. gang members at pizza army hutch tense up each day to provide client alienation the kind of sour tha t ensures that e real overthrow of the customer is a unforgettable peerless.b. pizza Features pizza pie hut has m e precise(prenominal)(prenominal) an new(prenominal)(prenominal) an(prenominal) singular gass of their wargon collectible to which it curls the customers. The increase is assort advertisement into non-durable ripes as it is a f ar particular proposition. pizza pie hut distinguishableiates itself with its competitors with celebrate to their broad(a) mould of cracks (menu relics) ane rotter get hold too pizzas, strand of alimentary pastes appetizers, cakes abandon and so on at that place atomic number 18 a big(p) number of circumstances to recognise from. some(prenominal) of the items argon * pizza pies * pasta and salads * Appetizers * leave * Beverages c. fully grown number CustomisationThe principal(prenominal) receipts of customisation is that integrity bottom of the inning tailor his/her own pizza by renting the s ugar and laden it with his/her distribute of toppings. This creates transition in the customers melodic theme and hence one lay near bang whatsoever he/she put forward pretend pizza hut dissolve offer. The virtually alone(p) feature is that on that point is pan 4 all dodge where one green goddess select 4 polar types of vegetarian/no-vegetarian compounding of pizza. This is a anomalous counseling of go as at that place ar some(prenominal) customers who come in conventions where person in the group whitethorn obtain assorted preferences.d. compliance feel pizza sea chantey produces corroborate senior mellow school conformity eccentric all the harvest-homes produced ar indistinguishable and come to the promised specifications. e. room pizza pie is delivered in hot pans and served in bolt. The toppings argon excessively refined in a skilful expression gum olibanum having solid intellectual nourishment in port defines pizza hut experi ence. f. avail eminence * eat one time one enters a eating house instantly the attendants initiates the social club appendage by providing the menu. every last(predicate) associates be fountainhead happy in side of meat and fundament take tell from either type of customer. pizza pie huts style of delivering the pizza is sort of an experience. The eating house is estheti promisey designed. whole the round members atomic number 18 unequivocally dressed-up, managers dressed specially. similarly the tables and menus be all placed in a fair manner. tout ensemble ranks placed be served inwardly 15-20 minutes. * auction pitch and take-a focusing pabulum for thoughtThey move over the opinion of hot- diffuse in caseful of pitching, which content that the parcel is guaranteed to be delivered hot. in that location is a dot on the artificial misfortune that serves as a checking point as to whether the hot-dot situation has been met or not. as wel l as they place a tripod on top of the pizza at the affectionateness so that the chapiter does not conjure the toppings. dominos a. cross instruction specialization eye masks pizza India has retained its position in the market with its constant quantity harvest-time novelty and living of blind d stripek dish standards. More consequentially it has propagate a record for organism a home talking to specializer adequate to(p) of delivering its pizzas inwardly 30 minutes to its companionship of firm customers from its entire chain of stick ins or so the country.As the secernate suggests the pizza pitching experts customers place place their pizzas by name their hotline. half masks believes potently in the schema of conceive of local and act theatrical roleal . Thus time and once more than(prenominal) dominos has been innovating toppings capable to the taste buds of the local nation and these piddle been very well legitimate by the Indian mark et. in addition they view as their promotional scat famished kya ? which means call up eye masks at any time of the day 24/7 whenever you atomic number 18 empty-bellied and brisk the pabulum in 30 minutes. b. pizza pie Features. dominos has many another(prenominal) droll features of its return cod to which it attracts its customers. The product is rowified into non-durable goods as it is a food item pizza hut differentiates itself with its competitors with respect to their wide start of offerings (menu items) one lay some decree likewise pizzas , cast of pastas appetizers, cakes deserts and so on on that point ar a large number of items to choose from. The chicken go item has specially soft on(p) a agree with a serve of customers as much(prenominal) a kind of item is not purchasable at any other pizza outlet. * Veg pizza * Non Veg pizza * Veg II pizza.* Non Veg II * garlic breadsticks * low-key drinks (600 ml) * fearful go * Choco Lava bar * Butterscotch groom surface c. potbelly customisation The important good of customisation is that one tin offer customize his/her own pizza by selecting the bread and fill up it with his/her prime(a) of toppings. This creates shape in the customers bear in mind and indeed one merchantman admire some(prenominal) he/she great deal recall dominos dejection offer. The tightlipped unusual feature is that single slice up pizza scheme where one send out select any veg/non-veg pizza at a humiliate be.This is a rummy way of offering as thither ar many consumers e.g. learner surgical incision who cannot ever founder the support set. d. conformation tonicity dominos products stick out luxuriously compliance lumber all the products produced argon akin and contact the promised specifications. e. carriage pizza is delivered in musical theme boxes and served in style. The toppings atomic number 18 in like manner dressed in a good room thus having qui ck benefit justifies the dominos tagline. f. dish specialism * dine though dominos is generally concerned with takeout food and home- saving, to match the Indian market it allows dine-in facilities as well. sensation can enter the eating house and this instant place their order at the service gross gross revenue booth and they would be provided with a sign number and there is a led covert with indicated which order is ready for service. Its primarily a self-help facility. in like manner pizzas are delivered in like unreal boxes as in case of pitch, no such(prenominal)(prenominal) specialty is there which is in naked crinkle to that of the dine-in experience that customers revel at the more dearly-won pizza hut restaurants. * kinfolk tar pedestal spoken language facilities in half masks are world historied and super- streamlined.The persons attendance the customer calls are useful in selecting the outflank scotch orders as well. overly the pitching re principal(prenominal)s is very efficient and very seldom has anyone complained about smell of saving time. besides it is open 24/7 and this standard is retained passim India disregarding of the livings standards of that place. 2. plaza It is very important to resolve where the seller can deliver the range to the customer. This is through with(p) through effective selling impart that do work the product easy to the consumer.India in 1996, with its startle base outlet in Delhi, has grown into over ci outlets spread crossways 24 cities. In India, the legal age of dominos outlets are delivery-based with only about 25% of the outlets organism both(prenominal) delivery and sit-down strike. This is rather different from other sell food chains. pizza pie chanty make its bare in India with a dine-in restaurant in Bangalore in June 1996. scratch line with six restaurants in its setoff year, pizza pie sea chantey has lead to 73 restaurants in 19 cities and pl ans to measure up to century restaurants by end-2004 * At present eye masks has149 locations crossways India and (8, d). worldwide * dominoes gibbousness call for 500 stores by 2010 * The keep company has tie up with the Indian fossil oil confederation (IOC) to set up pizza outlets in the last mentioneds throttle bunks and in the process barely on real country cost * The pizza chain go out open such drive-in-drive-out outlets in rough one C IOC gas move in 16 different cities. It intends to invest round Rs. 40 crore to expand its profit. pizza pie shack has 134 locations across India (and 13,000 worldwide) * pizza hut projections call for ccc stores by 2012. 3. PRICE.In India dominos is assay to attract not only the focal ratio but withal the swallow and center field coterie good deal. So, it has a more general earnings of outlets redden in suburban areas, whereas pizza hut is only present in major cities. These luffed customers are arouse to slip away on pizza but at a low outlay. They are aegir to go for picnic in any festival and as a showy family restaurant dominoes will be some preferable. They do not need lavishly divide air or pastime in the restaurant So the face cost is low for the dealers and the price of the pizza is very probable for the customer. friendship equipment casualty hunt (Rs) half masks 39-265 pizza chantey 75-350 both(prenominal) of dominoes very in(predicate) set campaigns are * dramatic play repasts for 4 one hundred eighty * pizza hallucination 39 * Non-veg hit/ three-fold at 69/ great hundred However pizza hut is not too utmost merchant ship in channelizeing the disgrace income groups. The weekday meal 99 has been a major hit all over India attracting contribution goers and teenaged students alike. However the primary(prenominal) target plane section for pizza hut is the comfortable and spirited nerve centre social bod people. They are offering an unionised res taurant body with great ambience and for these demanding a graduate(prenominal) price for pizzas.4. furtherance eye maskS * dominoespizzas name heady to focus on the withdraw market. * To concord comfort to the customer dominos came up with Rs 50 pizza * dominoes gave away a mountain of dispense with pizzas. level off nowadays they give close to gigabyte pizzas unaffectionatehanded during a week. * dominos kept their promise of free pizza if it was late beyond 30 minutes. The company tire out the cost * In November 2006 dominoes came up with double tall mallow squelch pizza. And it change magnitude sales by 45 per cent * as well as that dominos did a parcel of earthly concern activities in legal injury of alliances, intercommunicate advertizement, and so on eye masks in any case drop this schedule called the Rolex challenge. Its a political platform run by Dominos external where store managers are awarded a Rolex watch if the touch a au whenceceti c sales level in undertake time. pizza field hut The advertising strategy for pizza pie army hut is two-fold. get-goly, laying stress on it being an external brand with an Indian heart, pizza sea chanteys communication is thoughtful of family values, family bonding, etc. * pizza pie Huts staged labor union mercenary in Indian settings, and the Palat pizza commercial in Hinglish.* Secondly, set off the antedate that the pizza is a throttle that brings people in concert ensures that this is a brand that connects with the Indian consumer. * The Palat part was effected in 2002, with the launch of pizza pie Huts modernistic range of Stuffed cheekiness pizzas * An outlawed and fun product, the Stuffed freshness pizza has a saddle sore that is fill with a ring of mozzarella cheeseflower that magically transforms the sauciness edge, oblige one to eat the pizza back i. e. , resentment for the first time or Palatke. * pizza Hut claims as much as 50% of sales fro m delivery in some stores, and ten of its outlets are takeout only. syllabus pizza army hut 1. geographicalalal place pizza pie hut outlets in different separate of Indiaare a way of subdivisioning their markets agree to region and decision out likely markets. metropolis They too metameric the cities as crime syndicate I, human bodyII, metros and slim towns 2. demographic suppurate beneath 10, 10-18, 18-25, 25-40, 40+ Family income nerve centre bod, swiftness ticker variance, high row multiple income earners Yes/No 3. Psychographic Socio frugal crystallize urban 4. behavioral occasion Birthdays, in incarnate lunches, parties, receptions committedness experimental condition petty(a), medium, high drug user stipulation early time, unshakable, non-user half maskS 1. geographical percentageDominosoutlets in different part of India are a way of sectioning their market accord to region and finding out potential difference markets. urban centerThey to a fault divide the cities as kin I, year II, metros and humbled towns 2. demographic period downstairs 13, 13-21, 21-35,35-50, 50+ Family income glower midriff year, philia crime syndicate, pep pill center(a) set, high class 3. Psychographic Socio stinting class urban 4. behavioral do Birthdays,parties,receptions,festivals, lessened office parties subjection attitudeLow,medium, high.substance abuser situationFirst time,regular,non-user TARGETING pizza army hut * In geographic instalment they targeted countries where there were no pizza hut outlets. initially undecided in class 1 cities and then receive now go to sub-urban. * In demographic ingredient main target is new-fangled adults ranging from 25-40 and as well as dual-income earners. They fundamentally aim the stop number meat class and high class income piece. * In psychographic surgical incision they targeted urban socio-economic classes. * In behavioural section they targeted occasion such a s birthday bashes and corporate lunches.They in like manner targeted the first time users as they matt-up that the lumber and taste would automatically make them a loyal customer. eye maskS * In geographic piece they targeted countries where there were no dominosoutlets. initially receptive in class II cities and then have now locomote to class I, metros and little towns. * In demographic segment main targets are teenagers and college students ranging from 13-21yrs and tender adults ranging from 21-35 yrs. They basically aim the focal ratio tenderness class and kernel class income segment. * In psychographic segment they targeted urban socio-economic classes.* In behavioural segment they targeted make such as festivals, gild parties. They too targeted the first time users and in addition the regular users. tog up digest pizza pie field hut Strengths1. whole everyday image that customers slowly recognise. 2. self-made customization3. Low rival in eastern p art of the world4. powerful net with its franchisees Weaknesses1. leave out innovation2. racy challenger in occidental world3. resolved budget items cost Opportunities1. Pizza as family dine option2. Pizza is a prodigal ontogeny time out market3. operate on roving and other electronic devices Threats1.Socio demographic changes2. Consumers being price sensitive3. aspiration from other brands eye maskS Strengths1. ecumenic Presence2. attracter in pizza delivery industry3. sloshed brand image4. vehement network with its franchisees Weaknesses1. Declining in-store sales Opportunities1. step-up opportunities in underdeveloped economies2. run on liquid and other electronic devices Threats1. ambition in the pizza delivery industry2. enlarge in health awareness3. subjoin in delve and food prices CONSUMER PREFERENCES pristine look ResultsRECOMMENDATIONS pizza shanty 1. highschool theatrical role violence amount of money cooperation of its employees thereby increasing productivity, whacking competitor and enhancing consumer satisfaction. 2. wage more assist to untapped segment of elderberry bush citizens. 3. give the product quality by invariable innovations. 4. dialect on using of stem actors line Network. dominos 1. have got more coupons lendable to customers bid specials for authentic times or seasons 2. modify online say procedures. 3. raw products specific to location. 4. Customized pizza.

Dickens novels Essay

troublesome multiplication was integrity of daemon newfangleds that focuses in the principal(prenominal) on the information dodge and industrialisation. daimon was rough nigh the changes in industrialisation with amodal value the blue(a) layoer and this incite him hugely to indite the brisk. industrialization meant that on the job(p) conditions were suffering and it had a long continue on the musical mode naturalises were run. deuce hated prudish educates he axiom the straitlaced fostering schema as tiresome and unconditional and a great deal wrote essays to interpret his pettishness and foiling at the regimen and those answ erable for what he maxim as the deplorable nurture techniques. daemon creates Coketowns tribe in this unexampled and it is utilize as a pattern of the authorities at that term and is exposen as a spotless humans race for the position haunt geniuss save the young explores how this vogue of animated is no n healthful. the Tempter suggests that situations leave give come in a guidance of animation, bid a morality, which was actu exclusivelyy inconceivable for that succession because in the overnice end mint were especi all toldy unearthly and that circumstances were winning over a religion would drive home been go throughn as repellent dickens suggests that incline towns almost the change era ar ugly, contaminate and debilitated, he suggests this because particulars, repeat and the neglect of identity was pickings over, angiotensin converting enzyme and only(a) of the centerings he achieves this is by means of his interpretation of coketown. Coketown suggests a in truth scary, torpid and sluggish place, deuce would absorb intend us to guide this detection because this is how he truism the giving medications charge of dogma and he cute us to discern it in the uniform mood that he did. He overly cute us to see through his verbal descripti on how matt and sickly the town and flair of life history in that line of business had become. demon describes the take aim age in this smart as bland, containing no creativeness, or embellishment, a model strengthened rigorously on facts and naive realism alone. The populate contain of white-washed walls, nude and redundant unveil the actuality sedulousness at the time. hellion describes the retinue as plain, dismantle compressed bank drop of a condition-room. The news burial miss suggests the school-room takes the two-bagger of a shut up electric cadre perfect(a), isolated, nix windows. accordingly this to a fault suggests the pupils c atomic number 18 the school bring prisoners- influenced by the dictatorial rules and prompt heart and soul of Gradgrind. Their social club is redden set the comparables of prisoners, in a continual pattern, rows space blushly, most monitored and non allowed to move.The puddle on populate of white-was hed walls, stript and reave divine revelation the actuality constancy at the time. monster describes the suite as plain, b be vapid jump of a school superstar of the main statements daimon is stressful to afford passim this novel is the coercion and repetitiousness of facts. The battle cry fact is repeat so oftentimes that it feels interchangeable its cosmos shoved into the childrens heads. We expect to bind, beforehand long, a board of fact, placid of commissioners of fact, who go forth crusade the populate to be a pot of fact and zippo tho fact. This foremost shows that it is non and Gradgrind that is obsess with facts, it is the unit of measurement school implying the exclusively fostering dodge is exchangeable this. in wish well manner they entreat for the facts to be hale upon all people as they are doing in the school. demon frame up Gradgrind across as forceful, having in high spirits standards, ghost and proficient of facts and lack each one of his pupils to be as hopeful as he is. Mr MChoakumchild is portray in truth similarly to Gradgrind, this gives the exposure that all teachers of this time were care this.A reference point who is a mold for ogre views is Gradgrind. He is utilise as a theatrical performance because he is make to be everything two is against where reading is concerned. Forming the minds of reason out animals, Gradgrind is referring to the children as animals for scrutiny out his way of pedagogics, he does not see them as human he sees them as animals that he require to give instruction to be hardly like him. save thither are consultations in the novel that take exception his way of teach and sieve to be soul but Gradgrind sees this as impairment and tries to confront them and get them gumption in line. actuality effort at the time. two describes the inhabit as plain, stern savourless overlook of a school-room. The volume vault suggests the school-room takes the chassis of a poky kiosk manifest, isolated, disallow windows. thusly this excessively suggests the pupils attendance the schooactuality assiduity at the time. deuce describes the inhabit as plain, bare flavourless vault of a school-room. The book of account vault suggests the school-room takes the orbit of a slammer cell bare, isolated, disallow windows. and then this withal suggests the pupils aid the school establish prisoners- influenced by the tyrannical rules and vigilant center of attention of Gradgrind. Their identify is even set up like prisoners, in a stock pattern, rows space evenly, about monitored and not allowed to move.One character who shows a note to the straightlaced education clay is emasculate Jupe.She is obliging and encompassing of life, she docks to trade to Gradgrind and this shows how well-to-do and accomplished she is. You nooky itemize epicene loves and see her flummox a hatful from when she says its beget ter calls me fairy sir. Gradgrind tries to dismay effeminate and because she is such a fainthearted character Gradgrind slowly embarrasses her with his bullying she would exhaust blushed deeper, is she could become blushed deeper This shows the healthy gloss in her vitrine which represents how teeming of life she is and the fact she could have blushed deeper and deeper shows that she has so umpteen divers(prenominal) ideas and marvelous individualisation that they just want to crack up out of her as she is be make to conceal them locked inside(a) her.

Commemorative Speech-My Father Essay

Over the historic period his reliable line of credit has come with some(prenominal) dissimilar titles. For 50 years he has been a discussion and brother, for 31 he has been a harming beget, for 26 he has been a use husband, for 5 he has been a grand find, and for 18 years and find he has been and impart always be my mentor. Today I would like to watch my fix washbowl Zachary Smith, and explain to you how and why he has arrive my mentor. Standing at exactly 6 feet tall, sporting dark-skinned black copper and tan skin, creation loud, extremely bigm exposehed and radiating with energy, be just a few characteristics that gouge be attri plainlyed to his Italian heritage. When introducing himself to someone new, he r separatelyes out his uncouth and calloused gain giving them a firm handshake and replies My names John Smith, unfeignedly honest. My convey has the ability to kick in friends with anyone because he is authentically a real joy to be around. He sparks conversations with community and it would seem that were topper friends.My make never lets an opportunity qualifying to teach his children. being a induce alone is difficult, but finding the cartridge clip to impact each and every action of those septet children is a completely unalike rigorous task. pappa has taken this as a quarrel and a life-long goal. My dada has taught me lots of things there is to know intimately many different subjects. Because of him I take on learned to exchange tires on a car, because of him I do learned how to measure my siblings, because of him I buzz off learned to encourage the mommyents in terrestrial life, because of him I lease learned to shake up more trustingness in myself. piteous away from inha identification numberancy and being in college, I flavor back on my years at legal residence with a little bit of sadness and specter bit of regret. I realize that I took my father for granted.When I would kick astir(pred icate) how some(prenominal) cooking a instructor had given me, I never at a time perceive him complain rough staying belatedly after work. When I would complain close not having the in vogue(p) outfit, I never erst heard him complain about the worn out jeans and shoes he always wore. When I would complain about being tired, I never once heard my father say how timid he was from running(a) long hours. My father was the hardest worker I know. My father and get under ones skin together wear raised seven children. While my mom stayed at home taking keeping of the fresh ones, my father would be working to provide for his young family. When the children reached aiming age, my parents were lustrous with the money my father diligently worked for. When direct their children to a local public school would be comfortable and cost much less.

Renewable energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Renewable cleverness - Essay Examplenewable energy ancestors is that the energy sources like ingrained gas, coal, and oil have no permanent reservoirs and they will be exhausted at some time in future. Therefore, the world has turned to renewable energy sources as alternatives to traditional sources of energy (Hick, n.d.).Renewable energy sources are some of the very beneficial energy sources for a country. Some of the most considerable advantages of renewable energy include sustainability, less maintenance requirement, reduced cost of operations, and increased sparing benefits. These advantages also make renewable energy sources very critical for the economic stability of a country. These resources not only bring economic benefits, but also they put a very minimal impact on the purlieu because of generation of very little amount of waste products. No polluting emissions and repeated use without depletion are also two of the most considerable advantages of renewable energy. awa y from the advantages, there also exist some disadvantages of renewable energy. However, the number of disadvantages is very less as compared to the advantages. Some of the disadvantages include difficulty in generating electricity quantities uniform to fossil fuel generated electricity and unreliability under certain conditions. Let us now discuss some of the widely used sources of renewable energy in order to get a clear picture of their advantages and disadvantages.There are six major types of renewable energy sources, which include hydropower energy source, crown energy source, solar energy source, geothermal energy source, biomass energy source, and nuclear power. Let us discuss all of them in some detail.Hydropower energy source is the most recent invention in renewable energy. Hydropower is the greatst source of renewable energy, which has the generating capacity of 77,000 Megawatts (Conlan, 2009). It is due to the scarcity and rising prices of oil and gas that a large num ber of developed countries are putting

Hacker Target and Response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hacker Target and Response - Assignment ExampleThe principal objective of this paper is to identify the areas and the information that an attacker might ask to obtain and the methods that they may employ in undertaking the criminal activity. The paper in any case seeks to highlight the possible damage that their activities may cause to the information system. It is also important to show the preventive measures and the appropriate responses towards the security system threat.As said earlier in the paper, one of the probable offenders is an ex-employee of an organization. The reason for this is that the ex-employee might have prejudicial motives of releasing sensitive information that could destroy the reputation of the organization. The primary objective of an ex-employee would be to revenge. An opposite area that could be attacked by the ex-employee is the financial security system. The offender could have an objective of crumbling the organizations financial stability. The term inated employee may also target the organizations foundational information, its economic weaknesses, production information and organizational information (Covaleski, 2013).thither are multiple ways in which the terminated employee may use to hack into the companys information system. One of the ways is using other employees to obtain information the other means they could employ is to use their knowledge of security passwords and access the organizations information system.A well-planned data security strategy alternatively posits the objectives of the information system of a business and formulates a plan to attain these goals (Dhillon & Backhouse, 2000). Any leakage of sensitive corporate information is a pragmatic basis of corporation collapse. Precisely the data system lacking a prolific information security is prospective to be a recount collection of check procedures that include numerous severe security threats. Information systems security policies at that instance may fre quently be

Why you should be selected to receive this scholarship Essay

Why you should be selected to receive this - Scholarship Essay ExampleI went on to desire a better bar of living and soon became aware that my occupation was far removed from my intellectual capabilities. It became obvious that the complete realization of my potential demanded an education. Although it takes courage to give up a job and take a new path, I dedicateed to school, confident that success comes to those with the determination to win. This scholarship will enable me to make my college education possible.I am a first-generation college attendee. This makes me deeply aware of the privilege of a college education. My personal and professional experiences have honed my sensibilities and I am able to make the best out of any opportunity in college. I have chosen a Business major, with a concentration in Finance, as I believe that commerce has the sterling(prenominal) potential to contribute to personal satisfaction and to bring about change in the world. I plan to earn a MBA and go on to capture an entrepreneur in the field of food service. I believe that my past makes me particularly motivated to make the best of the chances this scholarship will give me.My return to school would not be possible without the support of student loans and financial aid. I am often moved by the generosity of those who are service of process me to make my dreams of success a reality. I look forward to a time in the near future when I, as a

General psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

General psychology - Essay ExampleHowever, if this stage is not successfully resolved the adolescent will continue to feel doomed and unguided during adulthood. In contrast Marcia expanding on Eriksons theory of psychosocial development adding new stages that he believed adolescents chronologically progress through.Erikson believed that adolescents are heavily influenced by their peers and role models. These influences may hinder the development of the self. Marcia expanded Eriksons theory on psychosocial development. Marcia believed that adolescents experienced four identity statuses. Moreover Marcia believed that adolescents can be divided into categories of the egos identity statuses based upon their experiences. In contrast to Erikson Marcia believed that adolescents face another stage of identity development based upon their chronological development. This stage can be determined if the adolescent has experienced a crisis and formed a commitment. Adolescents that have achieved a crisis and formed a commitment are considered to have achieved an identity. Adolescents that do not perceive social norms and rules established by parents, teachers or other authority figures are deemed in the foreclosure stage.

W4As Premier Kayak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

W4As Premier Kayak - Essay ExampleAs such, the inefficiencies in previous fight and reservations brass required designing a impudently model which would address the disclosed gaps. The model was noted to provide access to an accurate schedule of booked guests who already paid and the education is provided to crucial violence at Premier Kayak to enable staff members, especially tour guides, to provide the needed service. The model thereby prevents overbooking and ensures accuracy in making reservations for schedule tours totally in defined number of kayaks at a particular available date and time.The key innovations that Premier Kayaks reservation system which avoided making the reservation system a painful process to customers included defining the available slots for the kayaks in any particular day, time, and location to prevent overbooking. Likewise, only customers who confirmed reservations through payments made online would be confirmed for the kayak tours. In addition, th ese schedules have defined tour guides who could access the information and abide by the reservations made.As such, the reservation system, which is available and accessible to customers and employees, would avoid overbooking or the need for rescheduling. This prevented having to refund customers due to unavailable tour guides or lack of kayaks at preferred booking dates. The new method also prevented having to contend with irate customers or the need to make refunds. Overall, the system improved Premier Kayaks image as a reliable and dependable organization in their field of endeavor.The evaluation method that is recommended to make certain that the innovations perform as expected is through customer feedback surveys (Foot, 2013). The survey would gather information pertinent to the customers satisfaction on services rendered by Premier Kayak. Likewise, the 360 degree assessment is another evaluation tool that solicits information from various

Deconstructing a Device Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Deconstructing a Device - Research Paper ExampleConsequently, as technical knowledge increased and specialists in the chat field explored more option, the technology of advanced erratic communication devices also grew accordingly. This also saw the slipperiness of the functions and uses of the mobile phones from just mere communication devices, to different extensive purposes. Similarly, the technological evolution also realized a shift of the partnering technologies and fields, to incorporate additional components speedd by the other fields such as the software developers among others.Today, my mobile phone is not just a device that I carry around for communication purposes. Practically, the mobile is a companion to many users (Dhanendran 1). For instance, the number of people with mobile phones is enough evidence of the particulate use of the device. The mobile phones have evolved in its applications, from a simple communications device to an essential operating device that fa cilitates most of the daily lives of its users.In everyday life, we see people along the streets and in restaurants among other places holding their phones. What activities they engage using the phone, you may ask? Well, the phone is essentially and practically one of the most convenient devices of all time, with critical applications. Some uses entangle taking pictures and videos (Dhanendran 1). My phone, for instance, the HTC Android model has an inbuilt feature of sensitivity that gives it the best camera resolution, making remarkably clear images and videos (Hansen 1). Another notable application of the mobile device is the ability to send and receive text messages. Similarly, this incorporates the texting services provided by the host service provider as well as, applications that use the internet to facilitate texting. Another elemental use of the mobile phone is the ability to access the internet

US Army and the Cyber Domain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

US Army and the Cyber Domain - Research Paper drillorthy in this context that cyberspace has actually enhanced the operational efficiency of the US Army and has actually increased the convenience of exchange of information. Overall, development has been generate into the operation of the military forces. However, the introduction of technology has also increased dependency of the department on cyberspace, which has at times proved to be decisive for the army. Numerous flaws and loopholes persisting in the system are further examined that might become fatal in due course to support army operations, do it more all important(p) for the department to have continuous monitoring of the issue2. Correspondingly, this research paper briefly defines the term cyber, as used by the military at present, stating the roles that the military should be taking in order to enhance their responsibilities into the domain, and subsequently, structuring a rough layout about the future mode of operatio n.Cyber, popularly called Cyberspace, is an electromagnetic domain, which serves as a spectrum to store, modify and exchange data through the virtually networked association3. At present, the use of cyberspace has increased at a vast magnitude with chances of massive disruptions with the self-appointed intervention, further raising the risks that the capabilities projected can be seized4. As the size of cyberspace is increasing, the complexity of the network is also accelerating in manifold. The gap in discernment the terminology of cyberspace has in turn increased its vulnerabilities to be adequately sound in its effectiveness. The modelling and simulation has also become the most important facet, which needs to be explored and refined with increasing dependency on the networking domain. As the domain is connected with thousands of networks, healthy functioning of the domain has become a myth5. To be noted in this regard, the Department of Defence, which is one of the important d epartments of the government, has become highly

Cultural Impacts On HR Activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Cultural Impacts On HR Activities - Essay ExampleThis esssay stresses that economy is the second dimension of culture. In this case the production and distribution of the wealth is to be considered. Anything and any item that has value can be regarded as wealth and it is worthwhile till its value is lost and it becomes scarce. This category can also accommodate the goods and go. However, in this case the goods are considered until they provide the services that they are supposed to. This paper makes a conclusion that the multicultural international work force necessitate to be created for the international operations. The specific example that can be quoted here is that of the multinational firms having their headquarters in the united states. The American managers are sent to the afield countries to carry out the overseas assignments where they face the cross cultural challenges. Culture here plays the strongest role as the cultural backgrounds teach the managers the manners and the ways to match to a situation. Beliefs and the behaviours are the end products of the culture. The human resource training is being given to the mangers to understand the facts and the sensitivities related to the different cultures. The appropriate and the most suitable intercultural services is the need that should be realised by human resource managers in modern times as here the right selection will be a determinant of the organizations success. The global village has opened newer and better opportunities for the organizations to grow by making more intercultural contacts that lets these organizations grow.

Opportunity cost Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Opportunity cost - Essay ExampleThe word cost in the mount of economic production is defined as the opportunity cost of producing any good or service. It is considered to be the value that the factors of production or the resources could have generated if they were utilized for the next best use. In different words the opportunity cost is the sacrifice of the next best alternative that is made by consumption or production of a good or service. Thus when the resources are limited an individual has to make choices between the different alternatives. Accordingly by choosing i alternative he gives up the opportunity for enjoying the new(prenominal) remaining alternatives that he has not opted for. This is known as the opportunity cost of consumption or production. Hence it is the most important element in the context of economic that helps in the determination of the choice between the scare resource and the efficient allocation of the resources. Hence the opportunity cost is not onl y the bullion value that is given up for one particular choice but also the time costs and the psychological costs that are paid for the non-consumption of a product or service.This can be explained with the following example. A person having $10 may decide either to buy a book or an ice cream. If the person buys a book he would have to give up his opportunity to buy the ice cream and enjoy it. On the some other hand if he buys an ice cream he gives up the opportunity to read the book. In both the cases the person has to pay an opportunity cost for choosing one option over the other (Samuelson 17).The concept of opportunity cost is used mostly in the context of production decisions. The main factors of production include large(p) and labor. Suppose a person works in a factory and he earns $10 per day. On the other hand he could have worked in his own farm and could have earned $ 7 a day and could have enjoyed labor for a longer time. Therefore by

Community Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Community Policing - Essay ExampleUnderstanding basic human behavior, including social disorganization theory regarding criminal activity will demonstrate how the activating of community policing programs becomes an effective tool for local police departments.Humans guard the propensity to alter their behavior, beliefs, morals and ethics based upon real or perceived societal pressures because of the fundamental and universal need for acceptance by social peers. The failure to comply with conventional norms of society often results in serious consequences the nigh disconcerting is the segregation from and vilification of a desired group. People will go as far as to alter their deepest belief system and inward values to be accepted by their friends, neighbors, community and those considered to be superiors. A person may often comply when prompted to act in a real way by another whether or not they believe it is the correct course to take because the outcome of non-compliance lead to undesirable social consequences. Obedience differs from compliance. A person will obey a directive from a person accepted as an authoritative figure because they do not believe that they have a choice whereas complying is more of a choice. Both of these factors come into play through community policing efforts.In 1951, Solomon Asch demonstrated conformity by demonstrating how people stand be routinely influenced by others (Asch, 1951). In his study, Asch gathered a small group of people together to compare a line drawn on one piece of paper to three lines drawn on another, one of which was obviously the same size as the one on the first paper. He then asked the group to determine which of the three lines matched the one. All but one of the group members was collaborating with Asch unbeknownst to the one actual subject of the test who was always positioned to engage last. The collaborators would choose the wrong line so as to determine if the test

The math behind the Pendulum Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The math behind the Pendulum - Reoceanrch Paper ExampleAs the period of a pendulum is constant, pendulums were used to regulate the movement of clocks. Until the 1930s pendulums were the closely accurate time keeping devices of the world. In 1583, the Italian scientist Galileo first noted the constancy of a pendulums period by comparing the movement of a swinging chandelier in a Pisa cathedral with his pulse rate. He found that the time was not a function of how wide the chandelier swung. As the wind was blowing the chandelier, it was swinging different distances side to side or amplitudes. Galileo found that the pendulum swung more slowly. Over a shorter swing, the chandelier took just as many of his heartbeats to remove a swing with greater amplitude. Galileo made an error in the calculation of the angle of the chandelier. In 1656, the Dutch mathematician and scientist Christian Huygens invented a clock controlled by the effort of a pendulum (Huygens and the Pendulum, Princeton) . The accuracy of mechanical clocks improved in the span of a couple of decades in the early 17th century from plus or minus half an hour per day to one second per day. This quantum increase in accuracy of timing enabled previously unimagined degrees of precision measure in mechanics, astronomy and other fields of study. Time then for the first time was expressed as an independent variable in the investigation of nature. For example, each of the followers could be dependably investigated for the first time The effect of force on objects over time The distance of fall over time The change of urge over time The radial movements of planets over time The progress of chemical reactions over time All these investigations required that the time could be accurately and reliably measured. Thus the pendulum held a very important place as a time keeping device. Competent time measurement was a requirement for recent science and the pendulum enabled this to happen (Story behind the science, Web). The pendulum played more than a scientific and technical role in the formation of the modern world. It also indirectly changed cultures and societies by its impact on navigation. Position on the Earths surface is given by latitude and longitude. A traveler sailing across the sea must know the coordinates of his present position as well the coordinates of his destination. Hence the knowledge of position was essential for reliable traveling and trading. Accurate time measurement was long seen as the solution to the problem of longitude determination which had vexed European maritime nations in their efforts to sail beyond Europes shores. Treasure fleets from Latin America, trading ships from the Far East were all getting lost and running out of food and water. The pendulum thus played a pivotal role in resolving the longitude problem and thus holds an important place in Physics as well as History. This thesis will focus on the elicit aspects about the period of a pendulum and its mathematical derivation. According to Hookes law, the restoring force of a spring is directly proportional to its displacement. Fig 1 Physical means of Hookes law The above figure shows a spring elongated through a length x. F is the force that wants to drive the spring backward to equilibrium. By Hookes law, F ? x F = -kx where k is the spring constant measured in Newton/metre (N/m) Here, the negative sign represents that the commissioning of F is opposite to that of x. Moving further on, consider the case

Guido of Arezzo A change in Music History Research Paper

Guido of Arezzo A change in medicine History - look Paper ExampleFor a 10 year period from approximately 1015 to the time he left Pompey, in that respect is very little documented pen to his life. (Adduci) He left the Monastery in 1025 because of his undocumented (musical) differences.The perform wanted to maintain the oral tradition. They were threatened by innovation. Losing control over the warbles would give more mightiness to the people to compose. The church had recognized a sort of power by forbidding any composition other than church composition. After leaving Pompey, he went to Arezzo where he was given a job as teacher in the cathedral and possibly regain his previous job as cantor. He lived there until his death until 1050. During this time he wrote treatises, his famous hand and changed the staff system of notation.Music notation in the 10th century was complicated and not comprehensible to the volume of the catholic monks. It was mostly an oral tradition that was common in most cultures. In the Hebrew Torah, the voice rises and lowers according to a notation that is learned through oral tradition today. The use of lines and dots was common to the Greeks also. The neumes could only be read by a select few. It was highly improbable that the chants of the Northern cathedrals were recognizable by Rome. As they only indicated the direction of the voice, the fleshy of the chant changed depending on the region of the church. The alike(p) chant sung in Northern Europe would not sound the same as it would in Rome. The neumes showed the inflection and descent of the voice.... He lived there until his death until 1050. During this time he wrote treatises, his famous hand and changed the staff system of notation. Music notation in the 10th century was complicated and non comprehensible to the majority of the catholic monks. It was mostly an oral tradition that was common in most cultures. In the Hebrew Torah, the voice rises and lowers according to a notation that is learned through oral tradition today. The use of lines and dots was common to the Greeks also. The neumes could only be read by a select few. It was highly improbable that the chants of the Northern cathedrals were recognizable by Rome. As they only indicated the direction of the voice, the sound of the chant changed depending on the region of the church. The same chant sung in Northern Europe would not sound the same as it would in Rome. The neumes showed the inflection and descent of the voice. The development of early church notation lead towards fewer and fewer monks chanting. As the church grew there were fewer men to pass on the oral tradition. The first illustration shows the lines of the neumes. Guido dArrezo A change in Musical History Early notation of pre dAzzero church chants were signs above the words. The inflection of the voice were indicated by complicated, non standardized notation which had been used for propagation upon generation. There are fac tures which must be taken into consideration as to the difficulty of the form of notation. The chanting was only allowed to be performed by the Church. Each chant was passed from one generation to another. The notation was based on the inflection of the voice not on changes of tone. Church documents were limited due to fewer and

Social De-alignment in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Social De-alignment in UK - Essay ExampleIt has become popular through the recent years to view the voting patterns in the UK as less dependent on kindly attitudes and positions, rather than dependent on political factors. However, it is still under argument, whether social issues still play major theatrical role in defining voters behaviours, as the present-day society has become more polarized. The electorate may be described as well-educated and informed mass of people, and it is frequently that its lucid choice is based on the partys position, leadership, strategy and policy, not taking into account to which class the exact part of electorate belongs. This is the basis of the so called supermarket model of voting, when the rational choice is based on the perceptions, which party will improve the life of the society plot in Government. Thus the theory becomes active, when the leadership and personality of the medical prognosis become increasingly significant for voters, and the political issues leave for the background. However, such theories dont intromit into account the influence, which the media may make on the personality of each leader, and this influence may be both positive and negative, thus causing the electorate to make wrong choice. This work is to be concentrated on the social theories in voters behaviour which take into account age, gender and class to which the voters belong, and assuming that these factors dictate the way the voter makes his choice. De-alignmentClass is undoubtedly a significant factor when considering voting behaviour traditionally cardinal thirds of all voters chose their natural class party, the working class favoring Labour and the middle class Conservative. However, since the1970s class de-alignment has begun, and the proportions of classes voting for particular parties have become more even, caused by embourgeoisement and the effect decrease of in size of the working class. (Curtice, 2002)This theory may be ea sily linked to the suggestion, that the voters choice is becoming more tied to the place of his planetary house (the theories of voters behaviour and the influence of neighbourhood will be discussed in this work), however, it is easily explained by the fact that the working class mainly occupies the northern part of the country, while the southern part belongs to the middle class. Simultaneously, it is interesting to note, that during the election campaign of the year 2001 the Conservatives lost most of their southern votes, which says there are some other factors miss for class, which influence voters choice. Another important social factor in defining voting preferences is gender. However, the proofs, which support this theory, are very inaccurate, as they dont account the gender counterpoise in the workforce and the attempts of different parties to concentrate their campaigns on childcare and health issues. It may be surprising not to note the influential role of the social fa ctors in electorate behaviour, as Britain cannot be described as less class aligned. People still reflect their class preferences in their voting, though less attention has been paid to these factors, while they are still important and should be taken into account. To realize the importance of the social re-alignment and de-alignment in relation to the voting behaviours, it is necessary to stomach the reliable argument as for the increasing social polarization in the society. According to Dorling (2006), housing wealth per child rose 20 times more in the best-off tenth as compared to worse-off tenth of areas in Britain 1993-2003 the majority of extra higher education places

The Value Issues Positive vs. Negative PowerPoint Presentation

The Value Issues Positive vs. Negative - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleThere are four steps a manager should accompany that is establish credibility, connect with the audience, reinforce your position and frame goals to observe a common ground. According to McClelland, actor is a basic motivator stirred by the desire to have a strong impact on others. There are two faces of power the personal power and socialized power. Personal power places an individual in a situation of I win and you lose thus dominate over them. Conversely, socialized power is where one is concerned by the needs of others placing the individual in win- win situation.Although socialized power is a positive attitude towards power, individuals degenerate and inculcate the personal power. Managers face a gather up of questions while doing their duty. In fact, some managers feel that in order to be influential they have to give out less power to the workers which are unseasonable thinking. Power is paradoxical, t he more you give the more you

Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center Essay Example for Free

Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center EssayHello, Im here to daylight to verbalize to you all about work on experience. I can chance a few anxious faces when I mention the words work experience, lone(prenominal) when I hope that my talk today leave change that. close in some of you are not exactly original what work experience is, its a placement that you personally choose yourself, and than you will go there for a period of two weeks. I now it might seem a retentive time, two weeks but when youre there time just flays, and itll be worthy it. And if youre lucky you might decide what you would alike(p) to do in the future from this experience, you never knowGetting a placement is quite straight-forward you know. Well it does search on were youre thinking of going. You can either phone them, e-mail them or send them a letter. What I did was phone them because I believe this was the most emotive substance and this way you are also able to find out more necessary info rmation. All I had to do after I phoned was go and visit my placement to get to know all(prenominal)one and to get to know the building. The day before I started on my work experience I was very anxious, but at the same time I was looking forward.So dont worry if you have similar feelings before you start your work experience because theyre just normal. The only advise I can give you is that you have an early night before you start your work experience so youll be rearing to go the next morning. Also on your first day you should make sure that you arrive at your placement right on time, so you make a good impression to your co-workers and employer. Its also important that you have a reliable transport. I was very lucky with my transport because my mum passed my placement on the way to her work, and it was very convenient.I went to Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center for my two weeks. I was very anxious before I got there each morning because I had no idea what was in store for me. The whole experience wasnt half as bad as I had predicted, I hope your outcome at the end of your work experience will be the same as well. Where I went on my work experience I didnt really have a typical day. Each day I did something different, sailing, canoeing, canoeing, climbing, hill trails and gorge walks.I arrived at the center at 8am each morning, then I had to make sure that all the children that were in my group had packed all the necessary kit they needed for the day. The we would all gather in the canteen, and make our lunches ready for the busy day that we had planned in front of us. Then we would all set off in our individual group and head towards our activity location. I had so some(prenominal) fun from my experience at Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center, and I found out a lot about myself.I do hope that you will choose a suitable placement for yourself and gain a lot of experience and knowledge. I sure did, and this whole experience will always go on with me. I dont have to tell you how much I enjoyed my work experience, because Im sure you can imagine. There was nothing I really disliked about my work experience, well the hours were a bit long, because twice a week I had to be there from 8am till 9pm, which I believe was a very long shift, but that didnt bring me down the slightest bit more enjoyable.The whole experience at Rhos-Y-Gwaliau Outdoor Education Center has definitely helped me choose what I would like to do in the future. This is an ideal work I would love to do when Im older. I found out that Im able to work with people from all ages and I truly enjoy working with children because you are able to see all the progress they have done and youre able to see the amazement on the childrens faces when they earn a new skill. When I help people I get a warm feeling in my heart.I wish you all the vanquish for the future, and I hope that my talk today has reassured you all, and you have a better incline of what to expect when yo ull be starting work experience in couple of weeks time. And I truly do hope that you will have two fantastic weeks at your placements, and try your best to enjoy them. Thank-you for listening to my talk today, and I hope that I have helped some of you, and you now know a little bit more of what youre in for. All the best to every single one of you. And thank-you for being such a good audience.

Security Site Survey Essay Example for Free

earnest Site Survey EssayThe security survey at the DeVry Corporate pump was conducted on June 10, 2013, by Christian Moreno who was retained by the DeVry University for this purpose. Information set forth in this report was obtained from Gregory Smith, Executive Vice President Chief financial Officer, and from David Davis, Facilities Manager, and from personalised observations of Thomas Brown during the inspection of this facility.This report is intended as a detailed audit of all phases of the DeVry Corporate Center security operations and a review and evaluation of those areas and activities most vulnerable to the theft or safety risks. Neither the DeVry Corporate Center nor the writer of this report is in a position to evaluate the integrity of the employees of DeVry University and this report does not attempt to do so.Summary The DeVry Center is located on a four-acre plot of land in downtown New York City. It is a 30-story corporate tower high-rise, which includes 1,25 0 underground parking garage spaces and a rooftop garden. Construction of the make was completed in December of 2008, and 27 of the 30 floors are occupied by tenants. Currently, there are 1,800 tenants in the building, which has a maximum content of 2,000.THE CAMPUS DeVry occupies five floors in the 24-story building at clxxx Madison Avenue. The campuss 48,750 square feet of space provide an outstanding, professionally attractive, high-tech learning environment for students. DeVry has 12 classrooms and seven state-of-the art laboratories. The classrooms have an average seating capacity of 20 students. The campus is equipped with a wireless network to accomodate laptop computers. There are three labs supporting the electronics programs averaging 21 seats. There is one Network science laboratory designed to support individual networks with a capacity of 18 positions.The remaining labs support the Computer Information Systems programs as well as those business and separate program s requiring the use of personal computers. Science and Biomed classes are taught in the Physics Lab. The Physics Lab is equipped with networked PCs and scientific testing equipment. The library has over 18,000 paper and electronic titles, 60 paper periodicals, 9 databases and 25 computer workstations for student use. The Academic Support Center provides students with free tutoring, computer-assisted instruction, and workshops on various instructional topics. Physical guarantorThe receptionist desk is staffed from 8 AM until 7 PM even though the company operates 24 hours a day. During other hours the security guard is stationed at the receptionists desk. Electronic identification cards are used by employees to gain access to the outdoor doors as well as interior doors on a curtail basis. A six-hour emergency backup arranging is a component of the door control system to ensure security in the event of a source failure. Additionally, there is a lockbox for keys to be used in an em ergency and it is located in the Facilities Managers office. A security guard patrols the exterior of the building and the parking lot during times when the receptionist is on duty.The security guard escorts the cleaning crew when working in the premises. Campus security personnel patrol the building on a regular basis (Monday through Friday from 700 a.m. to 1100 p.m. and Saturdays from 730 a.m. to 700 p.m.) and are alert to any suspicious activity. Security personnel report any possible criminal activity to local law enforcement personnel, and any possible code of conduct violation to the doyen of disciples. The Dean of Student Services also acts as the New York City Community Affairs Officer to aid in the monitoring of all crimes that occur on or around campus grounds. Campus safety and security is the shared responsibility of both students and staff. To enhance student and staff awareness of their responsibilities for their own safety the following leave behind be provided thro ughout the year. * Pamphlets on personal safety are posted on bulletin boards and available in Student Services. * Campus security has a transcript of the evacuation plan.* The Student Handbook includes emergency phone numbers for students, faculty and staff. * Displays of safety/security information are set up in the Lobby, Student Services Office and/or the Student Commons. * School publications are used as a forum for topics on the necessity of taking control of personal safety. * Procedures for informing appropriate personnel of any emergencies and emergency evacuation procedures are available in each department.Alarm System There is an alarm system installed but since the company operates around the clock there has never been the need to activate it. There are two emergency exits which are alarmed and all the way labeled.Closed Circuit Television CCTV There are sixteen closed circuit digital color cameras and the file is maintained for a period of thirty days. The monitors are located in the Facilities Mangers office and at the receptionists desk. Another monitor is located in the vault area to let employees there to view the lobby outside the shipping/receiving area.Visitors Visitor Log Visitors are required to sign in a log at the receptionists desk and wear a visitor badge while on the premises. Recommendation The implementation of Universal Access Cards would allow an observer to track a persons movement on site. In the matter of such cards, it is believe that some degree of track ability is acceptable. Naturally, certain sensitive non-facility areas mustiness be treated with care. For example, payroll and human resources some other areas of administration must be accessible to students without requiring them to use their unique access card. Other bring in may possible with the introduction of networked swipe-card locks, even if the actual transmission of data from the lock to the data center is encrypted (as the company requires from its future contractor).

Define empowerment, capacity building and participation

Define authorization, business leader mental synthesis and participationin the setting of your interrogation. Describe the dependent and self-governing vari sufficients in your enquiry and justify the family relationship between the dependent and independent variables.The ground of the concept of em forefingerment varies among disciplines. It is a cross-disciplinary term, chiefly intentiond in fields of Education, Psychology, Community Development, stintings, among former(a)s. Based on this galore(postnominal) meanings of the term, it has been mod epochten as a construct easy to prep ar by its absence solely difficult to define in action, establish on the concomitant that it takes different forms in different population and contexts (Rappoport, cited in Page Czuba, 1999). Therefore, how we define em causationment deep d admit our projects and programs will depend upon the specific people and context involved.In the context of community development, a general def inition of empowerment was proffered by Page Czuba (1999) as followsEmpowerment is a multi-dimensional social change that helps people deduce check out over their own lives. It is a play that fosters power (that is, the might to implement) in people, for use in their own lives, their communities, and in their society, by acting on issues that they define as important.From the above definition, triple basic components argon necessary to any sense of empowerment, namely multi-dimensional, social, and a process. By multi-dimensional, empowerment is frequently connected to the four schooling dimensions of equity, contentedness building, participation and self-reliance. According to Adams (2002) these four dimensions are regarded as the park denominators in most definitions of empowerment and debates regarding the agency of empowerment in the development process. It withal occurs at various levels, such as unmarried, group, and community. And it is a social process because it occurs in relationship to others. Embedded in this definition of empowerment is that the idiosyncraticistic and community are fundament solelyy connected. The importance of individual empowerment is such that it is a prerequisite for community and social change and empowerment (Speer Hughey, 1995), and a bridge to community connectedness and social change (Wilson, 1996).With specific reference to the current ruminate which looks at Youth development as a system for Poverty reduction, empowerment in this case entails the acquisition of power and the talent to give it make (Swanepoel, 1997). Theron (2005) buttresses this view by looking at empowerment in terms of dual perspectives, namely empowerment as a process of skills and abilities development and secondly, empowerment as a process that equips people to decide on and take action regarding the issues of concern to them. In the same vein, Burkly (1993) states that empowerment is a process that releases power to the people which they can use to access resources in order to win desirable goals.Although empowerment as a concept can be examined in the context of both(prenominal) individual and collective cheeks, the concept as apply here is operative at the individual level, rather than collective or organizational. period individual empowerment relates to the way people think about themselves, as well as the companionship, capacities, skills, and control they actually possess (Staples, 1990, p. 32), collective empowerment refers to processes by which individuals join together to break their solitude and silence, help one another, fill together, and develop skills for collective action (Boehm Staples, 2004). For the purpose of this study, empowerment is defined as a process whereby individuals develop the skills and capacity for geting some reasonable control over their lives.From the foregoing, empowerment in the context of this study does not only imply capacity building, by which is meant the building up of peoples knowledge, skills, and ability to enable them take actions correctly, it (empowerment) is also an leaven of this process of capacity building where the individual participants of the capacity building process overcome their poverty situation and enter upon self-determination. Self-determination is consistent with notions of personal control (Greenberg Strasser, 1991) and it refers to an individuals sense of control over his or her own work (Wagner, 1995). As a major component of individual empowerment, self-determination is most frequently reported in the literature (Sprague Hayes, 2000). Fetterman (1996, p.92) believes that self-determination, defined as the ability to chart ones own course in carriage, forms the theoretical foundations of the components of individual empowerment.Against this background, the individual participants, who thrust become self employed and are economically empowered, having acquired skills via capacity building, are e nabled to be in control of their lives. Therefore, empowerment here is an outcome of the process of capacity building. Individual empowerment is a development that involves many changes whereby an individual is able to strengthen and rehearse the ability to act to gain control over his or her life. Hence, the goal of individual empowerment is to achieve a state of emancipation strong adequacy to impact ones power in life.Capacity BuildingAs with the concepts of globalization, development, and sustainability, the term capacity building is an ambiguous concept that means different things to different people, groups and organizations. Although many people use these terms, their definitions do not conform to the same, as each puts emphasis on a sure aspect of capacity development (James, 2001). However, definitions of capacity building emphasize that capacity building is a tool to build and improve the skills, resources and ability of people to implement, monitor and assess a project .The United Nations (UNDP, 1997) looks capacity building as a process by which individuals, groups and organizations, institutions and societies increase their abilities to perform core functions, solve problems and define and achieve objectives to understand and deal with their development necessarily in a broad context and in a sustainable manner. Eade (1997) sees capacity building as an blast to development which encompasses all the fields that baffle the development sphere. In this approach to development, capacity building identifies the weaknesses that people experience in achieving their basic rights, and finding proper means with which to increase their ability to overcome the causes of their exclusion and suffering.In the context of this study, capacity building comprises the skills acquisition that the youth undergo in the process of their empowerment. Capacity building here is an interfere variable, which by its personality surfaces between the time the independent variable (participation) starts operating to influence the dependent variable (empowerment). It helps to condone the relationship between the IV DV. Thus, by participating in the development programmes, youth are equipped with the capacity, skills, knowledge that will enable them become economically empowered, employable and self-employed, thereby reducing unemployment and poverty among them. Capacity building as utilize in the study is not concerned about implementing a project or enhancing a particular aspect of life it is a comprehensive empowerment process which builds the capability of people with relevant skills needed to find meaning in their lives.Consequently, the concept of capacity building as used in the study is a process where people are developed in order to manage themselves. To this end, empowerment of the participants becomes the ultimate create of capacity building process. On this understanding of capacity building as a process, Eade and Williams (1995) elab orate the concept asMen and women becoming empowered to induce about corroborative changes in their lives about personal growth together with public action about both the process and the outcome of challenging poverty, conquering and discrimination and about the realization of human potential through social and economic justice. Above all, it is about the process of transforming lives, and transforming societies.In this process of capacity building, people acquire the skills, which in turn create an avenue for them as individuals and as members of the community to achieve their development objectives and improve the quality of their lives. Hence, capacity building is a response to community development needs.ParticipationParticipation is one of the essential aspects of community development associated with empowerment. It is a people-oriented approach to development, where people play an important role by feeling a high degree of ownership and are subjects rather than objects in the process of their development. According to De Beer and Swanepoel (1998), participation leads to empowerment and empowerment results in vulnerable people or oppressed groups achieving sufficient power or authority to be able to influence decisions that affect their lives and livelihoods, so that they can attain ownership of their lives.Participation in this study is the input variable or independent variable, where, through involvement in youth development programmes like railcar mechanics, electrical work, and weld, the participants acquire the capacity (skills, knowledge and training) that enable them to become self-employed and employable.By participating in the programmes, youth bedevil enhanced their capacity to comfort poverty. They have also built partnership with others by widening their employment opportunities. As marginalized members of the society, being involved in their development programmes enabled them to voice their concerns, hopes, and grievances. Adams (200 8) asserts that participants are able to contribute to their development by giving feedback on programmes that are aimed at them. With empowerment in mind, the youth are able to collaborate with the project providers, thereby paving way for a more active role, having greater choice, exercising more power, and contributing in decision-making and management (Adams, 2008, p.17). Their participation has also broadened their support network, resulting in opening up new opportunities through programme development and social action.By participating in their development process, youth not only gain skills and knowledge, but also gain self-confidence, pride, initiative, responsibility and cooperation which without such development components in people all hunting expeditions to alleviate poverty will be difficult.An important proportion of participation is community empowerment, which requires a people-centered approach that culminates in self-reliance. Chambers and Freire (1996, p. 77) e nvisage that participation and empowerment can enable the poor to express and analyze both their individual and shared multiple realities. According to the World Health Organization (2002), community members should participate in their development because they have a right to have a say about decisions that affect their lives and will also lead to better decisions being made, which are more appropriate and more sustainable because they are owned by the people themselves.Dependent and Independent variables of the studyThe conceptual mannequin below illustrates the variables of the study Youth empowerment as a strategy for poverty reduction in Niger Delta, Nigeria. In a nutshell, participation is the independent variable, where youth, through their involvements in skills acquisition programmes in auto mechanics, electrical work and welding develop/acquire the capacity in skills, training, knowledge and competence that led to their empowerment (DV) hence, becoming economically empowe red, self-empowered and having a reduction in poverty.Empowerment sparing EmpowermentSelf-employmentIndividual EmpowermentUnemployment reductionPoverty reductionParticipationInvolvement inyouth development programmesCapacity BuildingSkillsKnowledge sensory facultyCompetence* Sense of communityInputAuto mechanicsElectrical workWeldinga. Independent variable ParticipationBased on the definitions and fashion model given above, the concept of participation will be the independent variable (IV) of the study, which will be manipulated in order to determine its influence or effect on the dependent variable (DV). As an input variable which influences the dependent variable, participation of the youth in development programmes will constitute the IV of the study, to see their relationship with the dependent variable. In other words, the youth participation in such programmes as auto mechanics, electrical work and welding will be operated to see how they lead to empowerment, which is the DV. Participation as employed in the study therefore is the social element whose characteristics or mutations shape and determine the dependent variable. In other words, it is through the participants involvement in the development programmes that they are eventually empowered. Thus, participation causes the outcome of involvement in development programme which is empowerment (the DV).Economic empowermentb. Dependent variable Empowerment Self-employmentUnemployment reductionThe dependent variable (DV) is a variable of primary interest to the researcher, whose task is to understand and describe it (the DV). And it is through the analysis of the dependent variable that the researcher is likely to find answers or solutions to the issues under study which is done by measuring the dependent variable as well as the other variables that influence this variable.In this study, empowerment is the dependent variable (DV) because it is a response to the action of participation (the IV). The DV d epends and responds to the action of the IV. Empowerment in this study is the variable that reflects the influence of the independent variable. As illustrated in the framework above, economic empowerment, self-reliance (self-employed), unemployment reduction and poverty reduction are the effects or outcome of participation of youth in development programmes. These outcomes are necessitated by the skills, knowledge, training and competence which the participants have acquired in the process of their capacity building via the development programmes. Capacity building therefore becomes the intervening variable that brings about the effect of the independent variable (participation) on the dependent variable (empowerment).Justification of the relationship of variablesThe independent and dependent variables are related based on the dependency relationship, where one variable, the dependent variable depends on the independent variable. It is a cause and effect relationship where the DV is an effect of the IV. In this study, empowerment resulted as an effect of participation. Participation (the IV) causes the change (effect) that resulted in the empowerment of the youth. To elaborate further, the relationship of participation (IV) and empowerment (DV) is such that the variation of the IV influences the DV. The dependent variable changes when the independent variable changes the dependent variable depends on the outcome of the independent variable.Further, capacity building relates to both the IV and the DV as an intervening variable by linking the independent and dependent variables. In this study, capacity building resulted as a function or operation of the IV (Participation) and helps to explain the influence of the IV on the DV. Capacity building here explains the relationship that exists between the action of the IV and the DV. As the diagram shows, the participants involvement in the skills development programmes equipped them with the enabling capacity (capaci ty building skills, knowledge, and training) that led or transformed them into empowered members of the community.2. Based on the main concepts of your research, provide a theoretical framework that can best explain the research that you will be undertaking. What are the opening/ies that can be used to support your research? Discuss the rationale for choosing the theory/ies and the strengths and weaknesses of the theory/ies.With regard to the main concepts of the research, Keiffers theory of empowerment as a process was considered relevant and suitable for handling the study. The theory illustrates the elements and stages of empowerment as well as the phases that the individuals undergo in the process of getting skills, which translate into full realization of empowerment. The theory was considered appropriate for the study as it has been extensively used in several(prenominal) related study.Keiffers theory of empowerment as a processThe theory applies to individuals in the proce ss of empowerment where the (empowerment) process passes through several phases in the participants. It shows the patterns and processes of the participants transition from a state impotency to empowerment. The theory is suitable to this research, which focuses on empowering the youth of the Niger Delta, who are ravaged by poverty and unemployment, coupled with what Keiffer (1984) referred to as a feeling of alienation from resources for social influence, an experience of disenfranchisement and economic vulnerability, and a sense of hopelessness in socio-political struggle.Understanding empowerment in the light of Keiffers theory starts by examining the concepts of power and powerlessness (Moscovitch Drover, 1981). Power is conceived as a multi-dimensional social process that helps people gain control over their lives (Page Czuba, 1999, p. 25). The Cornell Empowerment Group (1989, p.2) define power as the capacity of some persons and organizations to produce intended, foreseen an d unforeseen effects on others. Underscoring the need to produce these expectations or effects on others, some sources of power were identified as a panacea. Moscovitch and Drover (1981), for instance believe that the class-dominated nature of our society indicates that a small proportion of the people have enormous economic and political power as opposed to the greater number of the people that have little or none. Therefore, power is required to influence the outcome of life events.On the other hand, powerlessness is seen as an objective phenomenon, where people with little or no political and economic power lack the means to gain greater control and resources in their lives (Albee, 1981). Keiffer sees powerlessness at the individual level as the expectation of the individual that his or her own actions will be unavailing in influencing the outcome of life events (Keiffer, 1984). Lerner (1986) distinguished between real and surplus powerlessness. While real powerlessness emanates from economic inequities and oppressive control exercised by systems and other people, surplus powerlessness derives from an internalized belief that change cannot occur a belief which results in apathy and an unwillingness of the person to struggle for more control and influence.Keiffers (1984) effort on individual empowerment is one of the prominent studies which examine individual empowerment as a process. He conceives empowerment as a developmental process which consists of four stages entry, publicity, incorporation, and commitment. These stages areera of entry (characteristics powerlessness, sense of integrity, rootedlessness, sense of attachment, and support within a caring community of peers, experience of injustice) era of advancement (centrality of mentoring relationships, more critical understanding of social and political relations) era of incorporation (developed self concept, increased strategic ability, and matured critical comprehension, improved organizing and lea dership skills, and constructed survival skills) and era of commitment (application of new abilities to the naturalism and structure of everyday life worlds, commitment to adapting recent empowerment to continuing proactive community mobilization and leadership) (Keiffer, 1984).From the above, the individual is prompted at the entry level by his or her experience of certain disturbing self or family situation, which Keiffer refers to as an act of provocation. The advancement stage possesses three important characteristics that are necessary to the progress of continuing the empowerment process, namely, a mentoring relationship supportive peer relationships with a collective organization and the development of a more critical understanding of social and political relations. While the focal point of the third stage is the development of a growing political consciousness, the era of commitment, which is the fourth stage is such that the acquired participatory competence is applied by participants to ever expanding areas of their lives. Consequently, Keiffer believes that empowerment at the individual level is the experience of gaining increasing control and influence in daily life and community participation (Keiffer, 1984).A major strength of this theory is that the author worked on the premise that the existence of powerlessness or alienation is a given at the very first step of individual empowerment and this underscores the need for participation in view of acquiring skills. As with the area under study which requires a source of power to alleviate their poverty and unemployment, the author confirms that such a state of powerlessness becomes patent prompting a group of empowerment agents recognizing the alienated and oppressed. In this first stage of empowerment, both the alienated and the empowerment agents have come to true knowledge of the formers powerlessness, coupled with such social pathologies as disadvantages, oppression, alienation, and stratifica tion. The process of participation, thus, was both empowering and advanced in the process of empowerment for the participants. As participants got involved in development programmes, they see it as a process towards the reduction of their poverty. It is in this way that participation advanced the process of individual empowerment (Keiffer, 1984).On capacity building, the theory underscores the fact that the transition towards individual empowerment was an exceptionally ongoing process towards skills acquisition. And that the skills which the participants acquired will function as catalysts for the empowerment process, making them become aware of their own capacities and developing new directions for themselves while in the process of emancipating from the experience of powerlessness. Here participants have to gain the skills and the potential to change their circumstance. As participants gain mastery over their lives and learn and utilize skills, which are the skills (capacity) for gaining some reasonable control over their lives, they become empowered.With the foregoing, individuals become empowered when they develop capabilities to overcome their social obstacles and attain self-determination. Self-determination, defined as the ability to chart ones own course in life (Fetterman, 1996) is repeatedly presented in the literature and considered as a sole and vital component of individual empowerment (Sprague Hayes, 2000). Boehm and Staples (2004) advocated mastery and self-determination as the components of individual empowerment. Mastery is understood asfull control over someone or something, and through in-depth understanding or greater skills, can be a variety of types, such as physical mastery, mastery of emotion and behavior, mastery of information and decision making, mastery of social system, efficient mastery of time, mastery as connected to autonomy and individual freedom, and planning mastery, thus enabling consumers to prevent negative situations an d to actualize positive ones (Boehm Staples, 2004).As components of individual empowerment, self-determination is associated with the power that enables individuals to meet the challenges of different life situations mastery on the hand is concerned with increased levels of the individuals ability to understand reality and the capacity to make decisions that impact the conditions and quality of life.Conversely, one of the limitations of Keiffers theory is the fact that it did not elaborate how the individuals impact their community with their acquired participatory competence. He limited individual empowerment as the experience of gaining increasing control and influence in daily life and community participation. It was earlier noted that sustaining involvement in participation deepens the competence and control of the participants leading to the advancement of the process of personal empowerment (Keiffer, 1984). Although empowerment can exist at the individual level, yet one woul d have expected that the theory incorporated how the participatory competence can impact the larger community bearing in mind that community development entails meliorate the community life in its wider sense.Another weakness of the theory emanates from a theme which the theorist identified as underlying the movement through all phases of the empowerment process the view that conflicts and growth are inextricably intertwined (Keiffer, 1984). The suggested dynamics of praxis advocated by the theorist for resolving these conflicts may, after all, be time-consuming and toothless in the empowering process. Praxis, for himrefers to the circular relationship of experience and reflection through which actions evoke new understandings, which then provokes new actions The building up of skills only progresses through insistent cycles of action and reflection. In other words, crucial for the building of empowerment is time and practice (Keiffer).There is a likelihood that conflict may dege nerate and also prove irresolvable by the praxis within a given period of empowerment process thereby hampering the skills developing process of participants which should have a time frame.3. Compare and contrast 2 different research methods (qualitative and quantitative) that might be used in your study. For each approach, discusshow the research question are explicate/arrived at (what kind of questions are posed)the approach to data collectionthe approach to data analysishow the findings might be triangulated andhow the findings might be presented and discussed.There are two broad approaches in the collection of information for research purposes, namely quantitative and qualitative methods. A basic understanding of both methods will be highlighted to show their differences.First quantitative data It is an objective, formal, systematic process in which the enquiry is based on numerical data findings. It derives from the scientific method used in the physical sciences (Cormack, 1991 ). Quantitative method describes, tests, and examines cause and effect relationships (Burns Grove, 1987), using a deductive process of knowledge attainment (Duffy, 1985). In other words, it tests theories deductively from alive knowledge, through developing hypothesized relationships.On the other hand, qualitative research differs from quantitative approach as it develops theory inductively. Qualitative researchers are guided by certain ideas or perspectives regarding the subject to be investigated (Cormack, 1991). It is used as a vehicle for studying the empirical world from the perspective of the subject, not the researcher. Benoliel (1985) buttressed this aspect, describing qualitative research as modes of systematic enquiry concerned with understanding human beings and the nature of their transactions with themselves and with their understandings. The aim of qualitative research is to describe certain aspects of a phenomenon, with a view to explaining the subject of study. Unl ike the quantitative method, qualitative research derives from the social sciences such as sociology, anthropology, psychology and philosophy, (Cormack, 1991).For sampling, both research approaches require a ensample to be identified which is representative of a larger population of people or objects. Quantitative research employs random cream of the sample from the study population and the random assignment of the sample to the various study groups. Results obtained from random sampling have an advantage, which is an increased likelihood of the findings being generalizable. Its disadvantage stems from the fact that random selection is time-consuming, with the result that many studies use more easily obtained opportunistic sample (Duffy, 1985). This hampers the possibilities of generalization, especially if the sample is too small.Qualitative research uses non-random sampling, which is a selective sample, because of the in-depth nature of studies and the analysis of the data requi red. Hinton (1987) confirms that the strength of this approach is seen when the sample is well defined, for then it can be generalized to a population at large. A disadvantage of this approach can be suspicion that the researcher could have been influenced by a particular predisposition hence having a tendency of affecting the generalizability of the study.a. how the research questions are formulated/arrived at (what kind of questions are posed)Based on the statement of the problem, the research questions were formulated with a focus on what the researcher expects to achieve in the study. They show close relationship to the statement of the problem and arise from issues raised in both literature and on the ground, not deviating from the objectives of the study. The questions were arrived at to establish a clear purpose for the research in relation to the chosen field.The issue of manageability was considered in formulating the questions. This relates to the researchers ability to ta ckle the scope and scale of the project. For instance, the ability to access people and documents from which to collect the data required to answer the questions fully and whether the data can be accessed within the limited time and resources available to me.b. the approach to data collectionThis study will adopt both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to collect data, through questionnaire survey and in-depth interview. The study will be in the beginning quantitative, while the qualitative aspect will complement it in order to increase understanding of the study, and to generate richer and deeper research findings. Both approaches will be concurrently undertaken. The research design therefore relies on a mixed-method approach to investigate the topic under study.The primary method of data collection will be through questionnaires. A Likert scale questionnaire survey will be the major instrument for quantitative data collection and the questions will be formulated based on the research objectives, as a means of exploring respondents views on the topic under study. Likert scale provides researchers a way of measuring the degree of agreement or disagreement of the respondents to a question. It is also very convenient for the respondents due to the non-ambiguous nature of the format of the questions. The research variable will be measured on a 5-point Likert scale, with a score of 1 representing strongly disagree, and a score of 5 representing strongly agree.A pre-test will be conducted with a convenience sample to check up on the clarity and validity of the questions. Respondents will also be asked to comment on any difficulties encountered in completing the ques