Policy Recommendation Essay

The difficulty with any definition of poverty involves the meaning of minimum needs and the amount of money required to satisfy these needs. (Ansel M. Sharp, 2010) Those in poverty sometimes face an additional obstacle to earning an adequate income. Discrimination as we use it means that equals are treated unequally or that the ‘unequal’s are treated equally. Discrimination exists in the labor market when people with equal productivity are paid different wages or people with differences in productivity are paid equal wages. Discrimination can also exist in the product market when consumers pay different prices for the same product. (Ansel M. Sharp, Evidence of Discrimination in Our Economy, 2010) Discuss the major impact to society of the problem. In 2001, some six-point-eight million families, or nine-point-two percent of all families, lived in poverty. This translates into more than thirty-two-point-nine million individuals, a staggering number to many Americans who have never been personally touched by poverty. Indeed, some have characterized those who live in poverty as the hidden poor. Studies have shown that there is a significant turnover in the poverty population: Families and single individuals move into and out of poverty several times throughout the years in response to significant life events. Although no reliable estimate exists for the number of hardcore poverty cases, the incidence of poverty can be easily seen to vary dramatically across a number of demographic characteristics. (Ansel M. Sharp, What is Poverty? , 2010) Just imagine searching through heaping piles of refuse at landfills, looking for anything that could seem partly edible, to satisfy an unending hunger. Many people around the world face this situation every day of their lives. What could have caused a situation like this to occur? The education and skill level, health or handicap status, and discrimination play a vital role in poverty. A major factor determining whether someone will end up living in poverty, education or skill level can make or break an income. Education plays a vital role in acquiring jobs, learning new skills, and bringing home necessities and comforts of life. A person who doesn’t receive an education has a very small chance of making much money and acquiring skills that would bring home a desirable income. Many who do not have an education bring their family into a cycle of poverty, where their posterity doesn’t necessarily have the income to go to college or even don’t have a desire to acquire a high school diploma. Poverty rates are higher among families with only one parent or head of household present. Poverty is also related to age, those very young and those very old have higher rates of poverty than those in their prime and middle-age years. The economic cause of poverty is family incomes depend on the quantities of resources that families can place in employment and the prices received for those resources. To understand poverty, then, it is important to understand what determines the prices paid for human and capital resources and what determines the quantities that can be employed. Under competitive market conditions, the basic principle of wage rate determination is that units of any kind of labor tend to be paid a price equal to any one worker’s contribution to an employer’s total receipts. In other words, workers are paid about what they are worth to employers. What a worker is worth to an employer is referred to by economists as the marginal revenue product of labor. (Ansel M. Sharp, The Economic Causes of Poverty, 2010) Market discrimination may be traced to two primary sources. These are the power to discriminate in the market and the desire to discriminate. In our complex market economy, the wages of workers vary widely. Even workers hired by the same employer to perform similar jobs are often paid different wage rates. The meaning of wage discrimination is clear enough: unequal pay for equal contributions. But proving discrimination depends on being able to distinguish among individuals on the basis of individual efforts and productivity. Generally, humans are paid pproximately what they are worth in a competitive economy. (Ansel M. Sharp, Evidence of Discrimination in Our Economy, 2010) Employment discrimination means that some people are not hired because of non-economic characteristics such as race or gender. Two individuals with the same training, education, and experience apply for a job, however one is black and one is white. If both do not have the same chance of getting the job, discrimination has entered into the decision-making process. There is a growing belief that discriminatory differences in pay, especially gender differences in pay, occur largely because of occupational segregation. In general, men work in occupations that employ very few women, and women work in occupations that employ very few men. The economic results of occupational segregation for women are low wages. Women are often relegated to occupations where productivity and experience have little to do with their status and where opportunities for overtime and premium pay are limited. Price discrimination occurs when people of different races or genders are forced to pay different prices for the same good or service, provided the differences are not due to differences in cost of serving the consumer. (Ansel M.

You Pick Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

You Pick - Research Paper Example 33). The outcome has been increased injuries in the workplace. Health problems among the employees have also increased. When it comes to workplace safety, the subjects in the topic are the employees. They have the duty of preventing any work-related injuries. The employees also need to check after one another in their line of duty. According to the law, there are certain rights concerning workplace health and safety that all the employees in organizations across the United States are expected to enjoy (Bianchini et al. 25). For instance, we have the right to know, right to refuse, and right to participate. A lot of research shows that employees are not much considerate of these rights. This is because they are not well informed on the benefits that a safe workplace will bring to themselves, their bosses, their organizations, and the society as a whole when they are working in a safe environment (Levine, Michael and Matthew 34; Stark 33). Some scholars have been concerned with a cost-benefit analysis of investing in workplace safety (Campbell et al. 45; Bradley et al. 42; Hogan & Jeff 37). Although many of the studies that have been carried out have showed that the benefits are more than the cost of investment, only a few studies have been carried out to find out the specific benefits of a safe workplace (Bianchini et al. 56). The employers are also not aware of the benefits because some of them tend to believe that when they invest much in the employees they will reduce their profitability. Therefore, the issue has being handled with many misunderstandings. In modern organizations, employees are being recognized as the most crucial resource in the organization. The concept of human resource management has gained much significance in organizations across America (Levine, Michael and Matthew 47). However, some of the human resource managers have been concerned with the role employees can play in

Learnscape simulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Learnscape simulation - Essay Example ion X children as their caretakers, Bright Roads should consider including images that would capture the interest of these caretakers who would be more apt to peruse Bright Road’s web presence. 3) Review the premiere service line offerings of Bright Roads. Quality rankings, awards, distinctions linked to key targeted services should drive users to click further through page. Consider featuring these distinctions on the web page to showcase Bright Road’s stellar ranking and commitment to patient care/quality measures. 1) Placement of logo and picture do not generate interest. Similar to the website, an image of a building will not drive individuals to want to learn more about Bright Roads Services. Consider adding images that tell the Bright Roads story. 2) Social Media page should link to several means of communication: i.e. Twitter. This would allow for Bright Roads to connect to customers and provide updates on services and key community events once the consumer signs up. 3) Include a You Tube link that would allow prospective customers to view videos. This presents a n opportunity for Bright Roads to further engage the customer. Rather than including the You Tube icon, consider a catchy link that would generate interest in a library of videos. 1) The landing page for the Bright Roads PHR features a picture of a clinician holding an IPad. If the PHR is intended to be created, maintained and primarily for the benefit of the patient, this cannot be ascertained from the story this picture tells. Consider include images better representative of the desired patient population and/or images that show the value from a patients perspective of having a PHR. Additionally, re-messaging the definition of the PHR on this site might be helpful in clarifying its purpose to the patient. 2) Potentially include video testimonials and/or written comments/postings with relatable stories from patients that highlight the benefits of having a PHR. This can include safety

Criminal Law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Criminal Law - Coursework Example f reckless mens rea as well as evaluate Herring’s viewpoint with regard to, whether the current provisions in law are satisfactory in as far as reckless mens rea is concerned. Legally, recklessness implies the taking unwarranted risk. The term has brought about numerous debates with regard to the best test to determine it. In course of development of criminal law two main tests have been introduced; subjective and objective tests. R v Cunningham [1957] 2 QB 396 formed the base of testing recklessness. The case introduced subjective test. This means that the defendant’s ability to gauge the risk at hand is questioned as well as the actual action taken that result in the risk. In this regard, Cunningham recklessness seeks to find out whether the person was in a position to foresee the risk involved but then went ahead with actions despite the ability to foresee risks1. The subjective test was carried out in many other cases but was reviewed under the M.P.C v Caldwell [1982] AC 341. This case introduced the objective test which introduced the notion of, Failure of the defendant to take notice of a risk that was obvious and one which any reasonable person should have seen2. Introduction of Caldwell recklessness brought squabbles since it conflicted with Cunningham recklessness. It eventually turned out that both tests had weakness. The problem of subjective test is that it is based on the accused individual’s perception with regard to the matter at hand. The prosecution is thus tasked with proving that the accused person was able to foresee the risk but went ahead to engage in the act. However, it is not easy to prove a person’s state of mind. This test meant that whenever an accused person could prove inability to foresee the risk, acquittal was the only option. On the other hand, Objective (Caldwell recklessness) was also unfair because it led to convictions of many accused persons who, genuinely, were not able to foresee any risk. This aspect was

Business & its Environment (2 questions) 1. Describe Ikea's strategy Essay

Business & its Environment (2 questions) 1. Describe Ikea's strategy 2.Evaluate Ikea's market entry stategy in North America - Essay Example (Brosi, Gabel, Buitt, & Stults, 2006) "Kamprad's humble beginnings (he was the son of a farmer) had created a unique IKEA culture that was founded on respect for money and an innovative mindset" (BII, 2006). Kamprad himself used his monetary assets frugally for even business purposes. His down to earth "attitude trickled down to the co-workers, who would ensure minimal wastage and cost cutting at every level and as a result, IKEA came up with products that were aesthetically designed and were still available at affordable prices" (BII, 2006). IKEA has always created well-designed and functional home products for people at low discounted prices. Yet this is not the only reason why people want to buy products from IKEA. Company's definition of Corporate Social Responsibility is very strong and it is built in every store around the world. They promote environment friendly products and supplies, have a green transport plan and use waste-to-energy technology. IKEA's 'IWAY' for minimum requirements for social, working, and environmental conditions point to the fact that green business is indeed smart business. (Webb, 2007) (Brosi, Gabel, Buitt, & Stults, 2006) IKEA has done well to build strategic alliances and franchises for expansion purposes.

Interpersonal Relationships and Team Effectiveness Essay

Interpersonal Relationships and Team Effectiveness - Essay Example This project has taught me much more than I had imagined in the beginning. Surprisingly, majority of what I have learnt was from outside of the multitude of course books. During my project, almost all kinds of experiences occurred, from memorable to impressive. The major problem occurring in any team is ineffectiveness of team members and adverse interpersonal relationships. If team members do not have better understanding and acceptance of each other’s differences, then resulting conflicts might not let the group members work on an assigned project. If looked from a critical eye, those experiences have brought change in my personality and have furnished my understanding. I certainly developed myself in many areas after this project. This paper will be examining and reflecting upon my behavior and self-awareness and shows an analysis of my role with respect to my team. It also highlights the roles of my team members and ways through which we increased team effectiveness. The p rinciple purpose of this reflective essay is to examine our team coherency and team effectiveness while working on our group project. This process will be evaluated in the light of relevant academic theories such as communication, and leadership, as well as few models of behavior in team such as Adair-Action-Centered Leadership, Belbin Roles, Tuckman’s Stages of Team Development, and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. ... On the very first day, many complexities occurred among us as team members primarily due to unfamiliarity with each other. Largely, these complexities were related to lack of interpersonal relationships with each other. Some of them included communication gap, fear, not listening to each other’s ideas, running away from assigned tasks, and egoistic nature. Some complications relating directly to projects were availability of group members at certain time and schedule for discussing project details, time, and schedule for discussing the project proceedings with professor, company to be selected for the project, assigned task, and responsibility of each group member etc. I had no idea about how to approach these problems and I had no clue what I could do to solve these problems. Rules of task were also not known to us due to which we acted independently. Each one of us was lacking planning, understanding, and communication. All the group members appeared to be astounded by the p roject. It was looking very hard to complete and I, as a group leader, was feeling fretful regarding how I would carry out the entire project with increased complexities among group members. The team consisted of five group members, which means several ideas for the accomplishment of project. Suddenly, the best idea came to mind. In our very first meeting, I was able to convince my group members for this idea. I explained the importance of this project for each of us. It was 30% of our course, so we all have to contribute substantial attention to this project. The goal of all of us was same, that is, getting as higher points for this project as we could. The first thing that united and created harmony among our team was our common goal of ‘achieving excellent

The Trend of Logistics Development in China Essay Example for Free

The Trend of Logistics Development in China Essay With China’s entering WTO and the coming of the economic globalization, modern logistics has stepped into a far increased stage. In 2003, the logistics in China occupied RMB 240 billion dollars, compared with that in 2002, which increased by 26%, it is also estimated that during 2000 – 2005 the increasing rate of the 3PL marketing will reach 25% in China. Logistics industry, which is related to the producing manufacturing industry and commodity circulation industry, not only can help the enterprises optimize the resource configuration, lower the product costs, but also improve their competition capability. Logistics is also a systematic project that includes manufacturing, purchasing, storage, transportation, forward, distribution and sale. Now days, logistics and the supply chain management is becoming the core issue in world business field. Facing the immature logistics market in China, as far as the manufacturing, producing industry and the circulation industry are concerned, it is most important and urgent to positively evaluate the development tendency and meet the international requirements on the logistics as soon as possible. Development of Logistics Industry in China  The larger of Chinas logistics, but the rationalization of logistics gaps. Chinas logistics industry has yet to establish a statistical system based on, cannot accurately reflect the overall size of logistics. The performance of the logistics organization is not quite reasonable, subject to resource distribution, circulation system, the industrial layout and organization of production, materials far away, circuitous flow is serious; a large number of logistics activities, the lack of specialized logistics services organization, logistics and high cost. Other logistics companies generally low level of Information technology, as a constraint to the development of logistics enterprises in China the biggest bottleneck and obstacles. Current logistics enterprises in the Computer software applications, most still at the point-type application and the application of a sector, individual enterprises of the enterprise information Management, with customers to achieve some or all of the information between the shared computer network is only a few very small number of home. Logistics information technology has become mandatory access developed countries eligible for logistics enterprises, such as Just In Time(JIT), Material Requirements Planning 1(MRP1), Material Requirements Planning 2(MRP2) and so improve logistics efficiency and reduce logistics cost of modern management model is built on the information to adapt its technology to support the premise developed the Chinas logistics market is fiercely competitive low-end but high-end logistics market, but few people interested in the phenomenon exists, the overall low level of information, it cannot be implemented as JIT, MRP1, MRP2 and so improve logistics efficiency and reduce logistics cost of modern management model, naturally only in the low-end logistics market flame. Quality of personnel logistics enterprises, in particular the quality of leadership is difficult to adapt to the requirements of modern logistics operations. Chinas abundant human resources, labor costs are low, employment or logistics enterprises in the selection of mechanical equipment with modern, often choose to replace some of the modern employment of machinery and equipment more economical, because it has certain substitutability between. But man is no substitute for modern information technology to bring the efficiency of the logistics enterprises, the current leadership of the state-owned logistics enterprises personnel structure are mostly the end of the planned economy to work, go step by step in the enterprise leadership positions, management and thought leader in the factors that can not completely avoid inbreeding, plus has not been enhanced, the theoretical knowledge of the Training system, making it difficult to adapt to new business ideas and forms of development, lack of awareness development. Computer application is limited to mechanical and electrical integration from abroad, no paper into the main features of the distribution automation, modernization far, Chinas logistics industry, the biggest difference between the developed countries a direct manifestation of this is it. Therefore we can say, Information technology logistics industry in China the biggest gap with developed countries, but also restricting the development of logistics industry in China is a bottleneck. Development trend of Chinas logistics industry As economic integration, and Computer and communication technology continues to develop, greatly promoted the development of the logistics industry, to quickly become a global logistics industry with great potential and the development of new service industries. Modern logistics has been our government, enterprises attach importance, and there has been rapid development momentum. A high degree of government from the industry will support the development of modern logistics as the sustained economic development, improve the investment environment, improve Social and economic benefits, reduce social costs, make full use of the important strategies of social resources, production and logistics as a business enterprise to the third profit source and access to enterprise competitive advantage of strategic opportunities, traditional logistics (transport, warehousing and other enterprise) to the development of modern logistics as the re-build companies, seeking new business profit growth, further development of the enterprises strategic objectives. In China, the main trend of development of modern logistics in the following aspects. Integration of logistics operations the essence of modern logistics in its system integration concept that integrates the traditional area of operation, the production, arketing, packaging, handling, transportation, storage, distribution, circulation, processing, logistics and Information processing, decentralized, activities across the enterprise sector integrated, organic combination, as a system to manage, the operational aspects of the logistics activities effectively combined to form a comprehensive customer service-oriented capabilities, saving distribution costs, improve circulation efficiency and effectiveness. Logistics Management Information system is a large span system. Not only a wide range of logistics activities, involving many departments, and has been in a dynamic process. With the global economy, goods and production factors in the global free flow of an unprecedented rate. Logistics activities, flow rate also entered an unprecedented phase of development, logistics positive globalization, networking and information-oriented, EDI technology and Internet applications, so the logistics efficiency depends more on information management technologies ; the popularity of Computer and general application of bar code technology, provides a more demand and inventory information to enhance the scientific level of information management, demand for the commodity level in a variety of flow more easily and quickly. Information has become the core of logistics activities has become the driving force of logistics innovation. Social logistics resources with market-oriented economic and social development, on the one hand more and more detailed specialization, on the other hand the increasingly close cooperation between professionals. Production enterprises and the retail industrys need for raw materials, intermediate products, and final products are mostly made up of d ifferent logistics centers, wholesale centers and distribution centers in order to achieve fewer inventories and zero inventories. Trend of modern logistics community social and economic activities is the development of economies of scale in logistics, logistics inevitable result of comprehensive utilization of resources. In the big cities or professional modern integrated logistics park, logistics center, logistics base has become a common phenomenon. Integrated logistics system cannot do without transportation and warehousing logistics. Storage requires a high degree of mechanization and modernization, automation, standardization, Information, and to organize efficient, machine, material systems; and transport modernization requires the establishment of railways, highways, waterways, ir and pipeline integrated transport system, which is essential to the modernization of logistics conditions, survival and development of modern logistics necessary condition. Integration of third-rate general circulation in accordance with Law, business flow, logistics, information flow is the separation of the three streams. To flow of material can be achieved using the value, after the business flow, material information on the change of ownership; logistics solution is the production of material from its geographical area of the displacement of its consumption cannot change the ownership of material; information flow solution the flow of information between the main transmission. In modern society, due to the different materials, products, or the transfer of goods means the formation of the circulation and marketing of different forms, in order to adapt to this change, there are many countries in the world of logistics centers; distribution centers have basically achieved the flow, the unity of logistics and information flow. In addition, the agency also made the implementation of modern logistics more scientific and rational, because the circulation system in this manner more conducive to the implementation of third-rate one. Third-rate one has become an important symbol of modern logistics. More competitions in further from the foreign investment and private enterprise in China After China entering WTO, the distribution system has opened to the outside. The logistics and transport are facing the same situation. The foreign investment corporation will be allowed to open in the full sides. Because of the large logistics demands and weak supply ability in China, many foreign logistics companies gave expected too much for the market. Some of them, have entered into the Chinese market and taken part in the competition, such as UPS, FedEx, DHL, TNT etc. Some of them allied the domestic companies to reform the professional logistics. On one hand, they provide their customers with the professional services, which include national wide distribution, international logistic service, and multimode transportation. With more open policies issued by China’s government, the private corporations will bring more challengers to the traditional state-owned companies in the long time. The Corning of the integration Storm in China According to the industry evolution from the international famous consulting corporation, the evolution of a industry usually includes four stages: primary establishment, normalization stage, centralization stage, balance and unification stage. When a industry state in a go-between stage from the primary establishment to the normalization, there will be many combinations and reorganizations in which some small companies will be absorbed, reorganized, even died; meanwhile, the large enterprises will improve their impacts further. As for Chinese logistic market, its development just belongs to this stage. Conclusion The logistics resources in China are very rich, As for the storage are, there are more than 250000000 square meters in circulation field, which is distribution in the station, dock, port, warehouse, stock etc. this kind of distribution has formed the nation-scattered condition. Many of them have been regarded as the collection of enterprises, funds, information etc. and are full of powerful potential. In order to ensure the logistics development in a fast, healthful way, and China’s government should enact more advantages policies and measures, give more support; for logistics enterprises after seeing the development tendency and the industry characteristics, they would choose the personalized way. Generally speaking, our companies of China can have clear view on the further development; take the opportunity to succeed in the future competition.